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《咏檐前竹》鉴赏_沈约作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网
首页 > 诗文 > 咏檐前竹 > 鉴赏

《咏檐前竹》鉴赏

原文

萌开箨已垂,结叶始成枝。

繁荫上蓊茸,促节下离离。

风动露滴沥,月照影参差。

得生君户牖,不愿夹华池。

赏析

  岁寒三友,竹居其中。人们之所以看重它,或者因为它“翠叶与飞雪争采,贞柯与曾冰竞鲜”的凌寒之质(齐·王俭《灵丘竹赋》);或者因为它“未出土时便已有节,直到凌云高处依然虚心”的君子之风(管桦《竹颂》)。传说它的竹实只为凤凰所食;竹竿又能制成箫笛横吹。所以碰到豪爽之士,便以它的“所欣高蹈客,未待伶伦吹”慨然自许(陈·贺循《赋得夹池修竹》);遇上才高位卑者流,便又借它发出“谁能制长笛,当为吐龙吟”的孤傲啸叹(齐·刘孝先《竹诗》)。这样咏竹自无不可,只是不免都带有情随境迁的主观随意性。以至于意有所讥,就严斥竹笋的“嘴尖皮厚腹中空”;爱有所偏,便厉声扬言“恶竹应须斩万竿”。这真教竹子左右为难了。

  倘能摒弃这类借题发挥之习,仅把竹子当作客观审美对象来观赏,则它的“葳蕤青翠,风来动音”、“拂景云以容与,拊惠风而回萦”的清姿,也自有不同于苍松、老梅的风神。沈约这首诗,大约就没有深意的寄托,只是客观地为檐前之竹画了一幅动人的“肖像”。不过,这肖像带有一种“生成”的动态,在诗人开笔时才正拔节抽枝:“萌开箨已垂,结叶始成枝”。“箨”指笋壳,当竹茎拔节而出时,它便已经垂脱;随着细长竹叶的抽生,慢慢就长出了嫩枝。几株幼嫩之竹,就这样带着清新的生气,从诗人笔下钻出。转眼之间,它又挺拔直上:“繁荫上蓊茸,促节下离离”,变得枝叶繁茂、亭亭如盖了。“蓊茸”画檐竹枝叶披离之态,使人简直能感觉到,正有一片清荫从高处淌下。“离离”状竹节历历分明之貌,因为是在低处(下),竹节间距离较近,故又用“促节”形容。这四句描绘绿竹的生态,带有强烈的动感。但没有声响,也不用浓彩。只见到诗人沾着萧淡的水墨,疏疏落落地挥洒那么几笔,数竿绿竹便无声无息地拔节而出、由矮而高,终于英挺地站立“檐前”,甚至还带来了一阶清荫。

  画成翠竹,这对诗人来说并不费力。但要表现它的风韵,光靠这平面的勾勒就不够了。接着的“风动露滴沥,月照影参差”两句,着力的便是环境、音响的烘托映衬,于是这“画”便有了“伴乐”和“灯光”:诗人选择的是露水初凝之夜,因为是夜间,竹叶上那湛湛露珠就显得朦胧不清。好在有风,诗人便让读者听那静夜中风动竹叶、露珠滴阶的清韵,这可是异常动听的。诗人还嫌不够,又在乌蓝的中天添上一轮明月,那月光洒在竹上,便在阶前印下斑驳的竹影。前面说到“有风”,清风徐来,那地上的竹影便参差而动。这两句妙在均不直接写竹,只从露珠滴阶、竹影参差中映衬、烘托,而檐竹之沾满清露,在朗月清风中飒飒舞弄的美好风韵,已栩栩如在耳目之间。按照这一思绪写下去,结句便该是诗人的赞美之语了。但沈约偏不这样,他的结句正如蔡邕之咏“翠鸟”一样,却是被咏之物的深情倾诉:“得生君户牖,不愿夹华池!”这美好的翠竹,本该生长在花草芳美的池畔,度那月下花前的风光才是哩。而今却在诗人居处简陋的檐前,伴着他度过清寂的晨昏。诗人在观赏檐前之竹的深深怜爱之中,大约曾浮起过一种微微的惋惜和不安吧。而檐竹似乎有解人心意的灵性,立即前来安慰诗人:“我所仰慕的是君子的风仪,而不是花前月下的池畔风光;能够生长在您的窗门前,正是我的心愿哪!”这两句初看显得突兀,但在诗人观赏入神之际,将竹叶飒飒之音,想象为它的嫣然解人之语,也正符合情理。这话语之中所显示的,正是檐竹那不慕风华、清心自守的高节,其实也还是诗人对檐竹的一种赞美。不过,采用檐竹自身倾诉的方式,既情意动人,又含蕴不露,较之于那种“唯有山中兰与竹,经春历夏又秋冬”的直赞之语,似乎有更多的情韵。

  这就是沈约的《咏檐前竹》:诗中只把竹子作为客观审美对象来观照,形象地勾勒它的清姿,映衬它的风韵,别无政治上的寓意或个人身世的感慨。从咏物寄兴的传统眼光来看,这样咏竹似乎“浅”了些。但读够了寄兴、说教的诗作以后,吟诵—下这类美好单纯而寓意不多的咏物诗,倒也可使耳目一新。

沈约简介

唐代·沈约的简介


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沈约


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沈约(441~513年),字休文,汉族,吴兴武康(今浙江湖州德清)人,南朝史学家、文学家。出身于门阀士族家庭,历史上有所谓“江东之豪,莫强周、沈”的说法,家族社会地位显赫。祖父沈林子,宋征虏将军。父亲沈璞,宋淮南太守,于元嘉末年被诛。沈约孤贫流离,笃志好学,博通群籍,擅长诗文。历仕宋、齐、梁三朝。在宋仕记室参军、尚书度支郎。著有《晋书》、《宋书》、《齐纪》、《高祖纪》、《迩言》、《谥例》、《宋文章志》,并撰《四声谱》。作品除《宋书》外,多已亡佚。

...〔 〕