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《病中感怀》鉴赏_李煜作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网
首页 > 诗文 > 病中感怀 > 鉴赏

《病中感怀》鉴赏

原文

憔悴年来甚,萧条益自伤。

风威侵病骨,雨气咽愁肠。

夜鼎唯煎药,朝髭半染霜。

前缘竟何似,谁与问空王。

赏析

  首联“憔悴年来甚,萧条益自伤。”两句便给全诗笼罩了一层伤感的云雾。“萧条”二字交代了诗人此时的生活,已经没有了侍从簇拥、嫔娥相伴的富贵繁华。他是旧目的南唐君主,今日的宋人囚徒,生活不唯冷清,对比过去,尤觉萧条。诗写在入宋之后,这样的一种厌倦情绪也就有了理解的线索。诗以“憔悴”领起,对以“萧条”,前者重在写人,后者刻画环境。二者相互映对,写出人因萧条而憔悴,也因憔悴而更觉萧条。意思还不止于此一层。“年来甚”与“益自伤”相对,这是说,人是一年一年的老去,憔悴本来就一年更甚于一年,偏又处在这周遭萧条的环境中,于是便生出无尽的感伤而加快了人憔悴的速度。

  中间两联刻画诗人的生活状态。颔联“风威侵病骨,雨气咽愁肠”紧承首联而发,写憔悴的“病骨”受“风威”所“侵”,伤感的“愁肠”为“雨气”所“咽”。使病体与愁怀紧密关合,以见病因愁起,愁使病笃之意。这一联尤为传神,把病中的敏感形象地写了出来,正因为有病骨,正因为有愁肠,才感受到秋风格外寒,秋雨格外冷。颈联“夜鼎唯煎药,朝髭半染霜”句,悲叹宝鼎已无他用,“唯煎药”而已,自己也垂垂老矣,已是“朝髭半染霜”了,更是哀戚尤深。

  尾联“前缘竟何似,谁与问空王”,语气悲愤。“前缘”“空王”之说,更涉佛事,益见消沉。愁病交加,无所排遣,便只好求助于佛,而幻想从了解“前缘”中得到解脱,从询问“空王”中得到指点。可是“前缘竟何似”,仍不得而知。“谁与问空王”,亦不得其门而入。诗至此煞笔,流露出无限的惆帐与忧思。其中深沉的内容,耐人寻味。

  诗中以“威”写风,以“气”写雨,将政治处境中所有的威逼与压迫都转为自然现象的感受,就文学手法而言是拟人。而在诗人,怕也有不能直言而曲折抒写的现实考虑。全诗把体病、心病、人情、秋景、家事、国事等融合在一体,笼罩了一层伤感的云雾。

李煜简介

唐代·李煜的简介


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李煜


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李煜,五代十国时南唐国君,961年-975年在位,字重光,初名从嘉,号钟隐、莲峰居士。汉族,彭城(今江苏徐州)人。南唐元宗李璟第六子,于宋建隆二年(961年)继位,史称李后主。开宝八年,宋军破南唐都城,李煜降宋,被俘至汴京,封为右千牛卫上将军、违命侯。后因作感怀故国的名词《虞美人》而被宋太宗毒死。李煜虽不通政治,但其艺术才华却非凡。精书法,善绘画,通音律,诗和文均有一定造诣,尤以词的成就最高。千古杰作《虞美人》、《浪淘沙》、《乌夜啼》等词。在政治上失败的李煜,却在词坛上留下了不朽的篇章,被称为“千古词帝”。

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