《宿旧彭泽怀陶令》翻译及注释
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宋代：黄庭坚
潜鱼愿深渺，渊明无由逃。
译文：潜伏的鱼希望藏身在幽渺的地方，渊水澄明鱼儿无处可逃。
注释：“渊明”句：用“水清无鱼”之意。
彭泽当此时，沉冥一世豪。
译文：彭泽县曾经在古时，埋没了陶渊明这盖世英豪。
注释：“彭泽”二句：彭泽，彭泽县，陶渊明曾任彭泽县令。沉冥，泯灭无迹。一世豪：陶渊明原有用世之心，志大才高，却被埋没于微官。
司马寒如灰，礼乐卯金刀。
译文：汉室刘姓制作礼乐，到司马氏手中已衰微非常。
注释：“司马”二句：按诗意本当为“礼乐卯金刀，司马寒如灰”，意谓汉高祖刘邦命萧何制礼作乐，至司马氏掌天下的晋代，尤其至陶渊明生活的东晋末世，礼乐废丧，已如死灰难以复燃。卯金刀，为“刘”字。
岁晚以字行，更始号元亮。
译文：中年以后陶渊明只用字号，要重振朝纲字号唤作元亮。
注释：以字行：陶渊明，字元亮。一说名潜字渊明。更始：重新开始，此指重新恢复礼乐。
凄其望诸葛，肮脏犹汉相。
译文：凄怆地缅怀汉相诸葛，刚直倔强的个性也和他相仿。
注释：凄其：寒凉。其，词尾。此形容情绪凄怆。诸葛，指三国时蜀汉宰相诸葛亮。肮脏：刚直倔强貌。犹：如同。汉相：即指诸葛亮。
时无益州牧，指挥用诸将。
译文：可惜当世没有益州太守刘备，能够任用贤才指挥良将。
注释：时：当世。益州牧：指刘备（162-223），字玄德，河北涿县人。牧：指太守。
平生本朝心，岁月阅江浪。
译文：致使渊明平生徒存安邦定国的心愿，却只好把岁月消磨在江湖之上。
注释：本朝心：指匡扶晋室之心。
空余时语工，落笔九天上。
译文：空留下精工的诗篇，好像从九天落笔美妙非常。
注释：“落笔”句：化用杜甫《寄李十二白二十韵》“笔落惊风雨”句意。九天，极言其高。
向来非无人，此友独可尚。
译文：从古到今不是没有可敬的人，独有渊明最值得交友、景仰。
注释：尚友：上与古人为友。尚，通“上”。
属予刚制酒，无用酌杯盎。
译文：不巧正遇我刚刚戒酒，因此不能斟杯酒向他献上。
注释：属：适值，恰好。制酒，止酒，戒酒。无用：无以。酌：斟酒，此指以酒祭献。杯盎，泛指酒器。盎，一种大腹敛口之盆。
欲招千载魂，斯文或宜当。
译文：想要招回他千年以前的灵魂，或许这首诗倒还适宜、妥当。
注释：斯文：此文，即指此诗。
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梅尧臣《
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古意》
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和凝《
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山花子·银字笙寒调正长》
黄庭坚简介
唐代·黄庭坚的简介
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黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。