《短歌行》翻译及注释
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两汉：曹操
周西伯昌，怀此圣德。三分天下，而有其二。
译文：姬昌受封为西伯，具有神智和美德。殷朝土地为三份，他有其中的两份。
修奉贡献，臣节不坠。崇侯谗之，是以拘系。
译文：整治贡品来进奉，不失臣子的职责。只因为崇侯进谗言，而蒙冤受拘禁。
注释：贡献：谓进奉，进贡。节：礼仪、规矩、纪律。坠，失去。一作“隆”。
后见赦原，赐之斧钺，得使专征，为仲尼所称。
译文：后因为送礼而赦免，受赐斧钺征伐的权力。他被孔丘称赞，品德高尚地位显。
注释：见：被。赦原：赦免原谅其过。斧钺，古代兵器。古代军法用以杀人的斧子。专征，古代帝王授予诸侯，将帅掌握军旅的特权，不待天子之命，得自专征伐。仲尼，孔子字。
达及德行，犹奉事殷，论叙其美。齐桓之功，为霸之道。
译文：始终臣服殷朝帝王，美名后世流传遍。齐桓公拥周建立功业，存亡继绝为霸首。
注释：殷：朝代名，即商。
九合诸侯，一匡天下。一匡天下，不以兵车。
译文：聚合诸侯捍卫中原，匡正天下功业千秋。号令诸侯以匡周室，依靠的主要不是武力。
注释：不以兵车：指齐桓公称诸侯以匡周室，主要靠的不是武力，主要靠的完全落实了取信于诸侯和周室的如前所述的八条得力措施。
正而不谲，其德传称。孔子所叹，并称夷吾，民受其恩。
译文：行为磊落不欺诈，美德流传于身后。孔子赞美齐桓公，也称赞管仲，百姓深受恩惠。
注释：谲：诡诈。夷吾：即管仲，春秋时期政治家。
赐与庙胙，命无下拜。小白不敢尔，天威在颜咫尺。
译文：天子赐肉与桓公，命其无拜来接受。桓公称小白不敢，天子威严就在咫尺前。
注释：庙胙：祭祀用的肉。胙，古代祭祀时供的肉。小白：齐桓公名。尔：这样。天威：天子的威严。在颜：即不违颜意，即特别亲切地感受到了天子的威严。咫尺：指距离很近。
晋文亦霸，躬奉天王。受赐圭瓒，秬鬯彤弓。
译文：晋文公继承来称霸，亲身尊奉周天王。周天子赏赐丰厚，仪式也非常隆重。弓矢千，虎贲三百人。
注释：圭瓒：古代的一种玉制酒器。鬯，古代祭祀用的酒。彤弓，朱红色的弓。古代诸侯有大功时，天子赏赐弓矢，使“专征伐”。弓矢千，虎贲(bēn)三百人。
威服诸侯，师之所尊。
译文：接受玉器和美酒，弓矢武士三百名。晋文公声望镇诸侯，从其风者受尊重。
注释：卢弓：形似戟的一种弓。矢千：一千支箭。矢，即箭。虎贲：勇士，武士。
八方闻之，名亚齐桓。河阳之会，诈称周王，是其名纷葩。
译文：威名八方传遍，名声仅次于齐桓公。佯称周王巡狩，招天子到河阳，因此大众议论纷纷。
注释：亚：次于。河阳：古县名，春秋晋邑（今河南孟县西）。是：一作“是以”。纷葩：亦作“芬葩”。多貌，盛貌。葩，花。
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李白《
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越中览古》
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柳宗元《
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咏荆轲》
曹操简介
唐代·曹操的简介
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曹操（155年－220年正月庚子），字孟德，一名吉利，小字阿瞒，沛国谯（今安徽亳州）人，汉族。东汉末年杰出的政治家、军事家、文学家、书法家。三国中曹魏政权的缔造者，其子曹丕称帝后，追尊为武皇帝，庙号太祖。曹操精兵法，善诗歌，抒发自己的政治抱负，并反映汉末人民的苦难生活，气魄雄伟，慷慨悲凉；散文亦清峻整洁，开启并繁荣了建安文学，给后人留下了宝贵的精神财富，史称建安风骨，鲁迅评价其为“改造文章的祖师”。同时曹操也擅长书法，尤工章草，唐朝张怀瓘在《书断》中评其为“妙品”。