《乞猫》翻译及注释
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明代:刘基
赵人患鼠,乞猫于中山。中山人予之猫,猫善捕鼠及鸡。月余,鼠尽而鸡亦尽。其子患之,告其父曰:“盍去诸?”其父曰:“是非若所知也。吾之患在鼠,不在乎无鸡。夫有鼠,则窃吾食,毁吾衣,穿吾垣墉,毁伤吾器用,吾将饥寒焉,不病于无鸡乎?无鸡者,弗食鸡则已耳,去饥寒犹远,若之何而去夫猫也!”
译文: 有一个赵国人家里发生了鼠患,到中山讨猫。中山国的人给了他猫。这猫既善于捉老鼠,又善于捉鸡。过了一个多月,老鼠没了,鸡也没了。他的儿子很担心,对他父亲说:"为什么不把猫赶走呢?"他父亲说:"这不是你所懂的事了。我的祸害是老鼠,不在乎有没有鸡。有老鼠,就会偷吃我的粮食,毁坏我的衣服,穿破我的墙壁,啃坏我的用具,我就会饥寒交迫,不是比没有鸡害处更大吗?没有鸡,只不过不吃鸡罢了,距离饥寒交迫还很远,为什么要把那猫赶走呢?"
注释: 于:在。善:善于,擅长。患:祸害,灾难这里做动词。其子患之(患):忧虑。乞:向人讨,请求。中山:春秋时小国名,在今河北省。予:给。盍:“何不”的合音,为什么不。诸:“之乎”的合音。弗:不。是:这。若:你。穿:穿透,穿过。远:表示距离。垣墉:墙壁。垣:墙耳:语气词。病:害处。去:距离。若之何:固定句式,这里的意思是“为什么要”。已耳:罢了。“吾将饥寒焉”的“焉”是语气助词,所以可以不被翻译。没有意义的。
(选自明·刘基《郁离子·捕鼠》)
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沈括《
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古人铸鉴》
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李白《
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行路难·其二》
刘基简介
唐代·刘基的简介
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刘基(1311年7月1日-1375年5月16日)字伯温,谥曰文成,元末明初杰出的军事谋略家、政治家、文学家和思想家,明朝开国元勋,汉族,浙江文成南田(原属青田)人,故时人称他刘青田,明洪武三年(1370)封诚意伯,人们又称他刘诚意。武宗正德九年追赠太师,谥号文成,后人又称他刘文成、文成公。他以神机妙算、运筹帷幄著称于世。刘伯温是中国古代的一位传奇人物,至今在中国大陆、港澳台乃至东南亚、日韩等地仍有广泛深厚的民间影响力。