《郢城怀古》翻译及注释
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唐代：李百药
客心悲暮序，登墉瞰平陆。
注释：客心：游客的心情，作者自谓；暮序：一年之末，指暮冬。登墉：登上郢城故城墙；墉，垒土为墙，此处指郢城墙；瞰平陆：瞰，从高处往低看，即俯视；平陆：平野。
林泽窅芊绵，山川郁重复。
注释：林泽：山林与水泽：窅：沉远貌；芊绵：草木茂密繁盛的样子。郁重复：郁：结；重复：山重水复，此指山川纵横交错。
王公资设险，名都拒江隩。
注释：资：依靠，凭借；设险：设防。名都：郢城；拒：抗，此处可作镇守解；江隩：水流弯曲处。
方城次北门，溟海穷南服。
注释：方城：春秋时楚国北面的长城，古为中国九塞之一。次：迈，连接。溟海：本为神话中的海，此泛指楚国南边的深海；穷南服：楚国疆域一直到达了当时中国极南的地区。
长策挫吴豕，雄图竞周鹿。
注释：挫吴豕：这是骂吴国的话。竞周鹿：竞鹿，逐鹿，喻争夺天下。
万乘重沮漳，九鼎轻伊谷。
注释：万乘：这里指楚王。沮漳：沮水与漳水。九鼎：指东周，时其首都在洛水之阳。伊谷：伊水与谷水。
大蒐云梦掩，壮观章华筑。
注释：大蒐：古春猎为蒐，天子出猎于春日为大蒐。云梦掩：楚国为古云梦七泽之地。这里指楚王出猎时声势浩大，旌旗蔽日，人马盖地。章华：即章华台，为楚王所筑。
人世更盛衰，吉凶良倚伏。
注释：更：替换。吉凶良倚伏：指福祸相因而互倚。
遽见邻交断，仍睹贤臣逐。
注释：遽：急速，忽忙地。贤臣逐：指屈原两次被楚王放逐。
南风忽不尽，西师日侵蹙。
注释：南风：指楚国。楚国地处南方。西师：指秦国。秦国地处西方。日侵蹙：（秦）因侵略迫使（楚）国土日渐缩小。蹙：收缩。
运圮属驰驱，时屯恣敲扑。
注释：运圮：国运衰败。属驰驱：不断地辗转迁移。时屯：时事艰难。恣敲扑：恣，恣意、任意。敲扑，挞伐凌辱。
莫救夷陵火，无复秦庭哭。
注释：夷陵火：夷陵，今宜昌，楚先王的陵墓在此地。公元前278年，秦将白起攻破郢都，火烧夷陵。
鄢郢遂丘墟，风尘俄惨黩。
注释：鄢郢：故址即今宜城南境内。郢为楚都城。丘墟：废墟。俄：一会儿，很快。惨黩：昏暗貌。
狐兔时游戏，霜露日沾沐。
注释：狐兔时游戏：狐狸与兔子时常出没在郢城的废墟上。沾沐：侵蚀。
钓者故池平，神台尘宇覆。
注释：钓渚：楚庄王所筑的诸侯台，在纪南城东不远处。下句“神台”同。
阵云埋夏首，穷阴惨荒谷。
注释：阵云埋夏首：阵云，浓云；夏首，夏水的上游。夏水在今江陵县境。
怅矣舟壑迁，悲哉年祀倏。
注释：舟壑迁：意谓沧海桑田，山水已非昔貌。年祀倏：指对楚先王的岁时祭祀，如今已倏然不复举行了。
虽异三春望，终伤千里目。
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清江《
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湘川怀古》
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陶渊明《
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饮酒·二十》
李百药简介
唐代·李百药的简介
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李百药（565--648），字重规，定州安平（今属河北）人，唐朝史学家、诗人。 其父李德林曾任隋内史令，预修国史，撰有《齐史》。隋文帝时百药仕太子舍人、东宫学士。隋炀帝时仕桂州司马职，迁建安郡丞。后归唐，拜中书舍人、礼部侍郎、散骑常侍。人品耿直，曾直言上谏唐太宗取消诸侯，为太宗采纳。曾受命修订五礼、律令。另外，据《安平县志》载：李百药及家族墓地遗址在今河北省安平县程油子乡寺店村南。