《伤春》翻译及注释
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宋代：陈与义
庙堂无计可平戎，坐使甘泉照夕烽。
译文：朝廷没有良策击退金兵入侵，竟使边塞的烽火照亮了甘泉行宫。
注释：庙堂：旧时皇帝供奉祖宗神位的处所，借指朝廷。平戎：战胜入侵者。坐使：遂使。甘泉：秦汉行宫，在今陕西淳化县甘泉山上，此处代指宋皇宫。夕烽：夜里报警的烽火。
初怪上都闻战马，岂知穷海看飞龙。
译文：我正惊呼京城里竟然听到战马嘶鸣，哪知可怜的皇帝已到海上逃生。
注释：上都：借指汴京，北宋京城。一说指建康或临安，当时均作为南宋京城选择地。尚未定。战马：金兵铁骑。穷海：僻远的海上。此处指温州（今属福建）海域。飞龙：旧时以龙比天子，此处指宋高宗。
孤臣霜发三千丈，每岁烟花一万重。
译文：我这孤臣忧虑国事愁白了头发，又适逢春天繁花吐艳，更叫人触景伤情。
注释：孤臣：作者自指。当时诗人流落在湖南邵阳。霜发三千丈：此处借指忧国之情。烟花：指春天艳丽的景物。烟花一万重：意为离故乡太远，看不到故乡的春景。
稍喜长沙向延阁，疲兵敢犯犬羊锋。
译文：幸喜长沙有个抗金的将领向子湮，他率领疲弱之师，敢抵抗兽军的锋芒！
注释：向延阁：长沙太守向子湮。延阁是汉代史官官署，向曾任秘阁直学士，故称。疲兵：经过苦战而疲惫不堪的军队。犬羊：对金兵的鄙称。敢犯犬羊锋：敢于抵挡侵略者的锋芒。
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李贺《
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秋来》
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白居易《
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伤大宅》
陈与义简介
唐代·陈与义的简介
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陈与义(1090-1138)，字去非，号简斋，汉族，其先祖居京兆，自曾祖陈希亮迁居洛阳，故为宋代河南洛阳人（现在属河南）。他生于宋哲宗元祐五年(1090年)，卒于南宋宋高宗绍兴八年(1138年)。北宋末，南宋初年的杰出诗人，同时也工于填词。其词存于今者虽仅十余首，却别具风格，尤近于苏东坡，语意超绝，笔力横空，疏朗明快，自然浑成，著有《简斋集》。