《戊申岁六月中遇火》翻译及注释
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魏晋：陶渊明
草庐寄穷巷，甘以辞华轩。
译文：茅屋盖在僻巷边，远避仕途心甘愿。
注释：寄：寄托，依附。甘：自愿。辞：拒绝，告别，华轩：指富贵者乘坐的车子。轩：占代一种供大夫以上乘坐的轻便车，“华轩”在这里是代指仕途之功名富贵。
正夏长风急，林室顿烧燔。
译文：当夏长风骤然起，林园宅室烈火燃。
注释：长风：大风。林室：林木和住宅。从此诗“果菜始复生”句可知，大火不仅焚毁了房屋，连同周围的林园也一并遭灾。顿：顿时，立刻。燔：烧。
一宅无遗宇，肪舟荫门前。
译文：房屋焚尽无住处，船内遮荫在门前。
注释：宇：屋檐，引申为受覆庇、遮盖处。航：船。荫门前：谓遮荫于门前。林室皆焚毁，只有门前的航舟内尚有遮荫处。
迢迢新秋夕，亭亭月将圆。
译文：初秋傍晚景远阔，高高明月又将圆。
注释：迢迢：遥远的样子。这里形容秋夕景象的空阔辽远。新秋夕：初秋的傍晚。亭亭：高貌。
果菜始复生，惊鸟尚未还。
译文：果菜开始重新长，惊飞之鸟尚未还。
注释：始复生：开始重新生长。惊鸟：被火惊飞的鸟。
中宵伫遥念，一盼周九天。
译文：夜半久立独沉思，一眼遍观四周天。
注释：中宵：半夜。伫：长时间地站立。遥念：想得很远。盼：看。周：遍，遍及。九天：这里指整个天地。
总发抱孤介，奄出四十年。
译文：年少守操即谨严，转眼已逾四十年。
注释：总发：即“总角”，称童年时代。古时儿童束发于头顶。孤介：谓操守谨严，不肯同流合污。奄：忽，很快地。出：超出。
形迹凭化往，灵府长独闲。
译文：生命托付与造化，内心恬淡长安闲。
注释：形迹：身体，指生命。凭：任凭。化：造化，自然。往：指变化。灵府：指心。
贞刚自有质，玉石乃非坚。
译文：我性坚贞且刚直，玉石虽坚逊色远。
注释：贞刚：坚贞刚直。自：本来。质：品质、品性。乃：却。这两句是说，我的品质坚贞刚直，比玉石都更坚贞。
仰想东户时，余粮宿中田。
译文：遥想东户季子世，余粮存放在田间。
注释：仰想：遥想。东户：东户季子，传说中上古太平时代的君主。宿：存放。中田：即田中。
鼓腹无所思；朝起暮归眠。
译文：饱食终日无忧虑，日出而作日入眠。
注释：鼓腹：饱食。无所思：无忧无虑。
既已不遇兹，且遂灌我园。
译文：既然我未逢盛世，姑且隐居浇菜园。
注释：遂：就。灌我园：浇灌我的田园。这里指隐居躬耕。
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白居易《
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燕诗示刘叟》
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陶渊明《
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戊申岁六月中遇火》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。