《北征赋》翻译及注释
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两汉：班彪
余遭世之颠覆兮，罹填塞之阨灾。旧室灭以丘墟兮，曾不得乎少留。遂奋袂以北征兮，超绝迹而远游。
译文： 遭遇这动荡的时代啊，就像被困在这堵塞的路上。从前的家被毁成为废墟，我无法有片刻的停留。挥袖北征，漂泊到这没有人际遥远的地方。
朝发轫于长都兮，夕宿瓠谷之玄宫。历云门而反顾，望通天之崇崇。乘陵岗以登降，息郇邠之邑乡。慕公刘之遗德，及行苇之不伤。彼何生之优渥，我独罹此百殃？故时会之变化兮，非天命之靡常。
译文： 早晨从长都出发啊，晚上住在瓠谷的玄宫。经过云门回头望，瞭见了高高的通天台。爬上翻下登上了大山岗，歇息在郇邠的村落。仰慕公刘留下的美德啊，连路傍的野草也不能伤害。这天空为什么乌云密布，这大地为什么让我遇上这百般的祸殃。是因为形势在突变吗？还是法度不正常？
登赤须之长阪，入义渠之旧城。忿戎王之淫狡，秽宣后之失贞。嘉秦昭之讨贼，赫斯怒以北征。纷吾去此旧都兮，騑迟迟以历兹。
译文： 爬上了赤须的长坡，进入义渠的旧城。怨恨戎王的邪恶，鄙薄宣后的不贞。赞美秦昭王讨贼，愤怒地北征西戎。离开旧都我心心绪烦乱，让车马慢慢地走过去。
遂舒节以远逝兮，指安定以为期。涉长路之绵绵兮，远纡回以樛流。过泥阳而太息兮，悲祖庙之不修。释余马于彭阳兮，且弭节而自思。日晻晻其将暮兮，睹牛羊之下来。寤旷怨之伤情兮，哀诗人之叹时。
译文： 渐渐地加鞭消失在远处，直至到了安定为止。路长长延绵不断啊，跋涉在这些屈折的远方。经过泥阳怎能叫人不叹息啊，伤心这祖庙没有人修葺。在彭阳放开了我的马，又停车暗自思量。太阳昏昏天将傍晚，看着牛羊已经下山。感悟旷夫怨女的伤情啊，悲痛的诗人此时只有叹息。
越安定以容与兮，遵长城之漫漫。剧蒙公之疲民兮，为强秦乎筑怨。舍高亥之切忧兮，事蛮狄之辽患。不耀德以绥远，顾厚固而缮藩。首身分而不寤兮，犹数功而辞鱤。何夫子之妄说兮，孰云地脉而生残。
译文： 越过安定缓缓的前行，沿着长城漫漫的征途。埋怨蒙恬过分的劳民啊，为了强秦筑长城与民结怨。舍弃赵高胡亥叛逆的近犹不顾，却从事防备蛮狄远方的外患。不发扬道德安抚远方，却重视边防工事的牢固。头与身子分家仍不觉醒啊，还在历数功劳而不肯认罪。何苦蒙恬要狂言胡说啊，什么修长城断了地脉。
登鄣隧而遥望兮，聊须臾以婆娑。闵獯鬻之猾夏兮，吊尉漖于朝那。从圣文之克让兮，不劳师而币加。惠父兄于南越兮，黜帝号于尉他。降几杖于藩国兮，折吴濞之逆邪。惟太宗之荡荡兮，岂曩秦之所图。
译文： 登上了彰城的烽火亭啊，姑且恣意的放纵。感伤匈奴祸乱华夏，悼念邛都尉在朝那被杀。自汉文帝圣明能让，不用劳师征伐而以货币安抚。召南越父兄施与恩惠啊，使南越王去帝号称臣报答。孝文帝赐几杖与藩国啊，平息了吴濞的叛逆邪念。那汉文帝的广阔王道啊，当年的秦国岂能够设想。
隮高平而周览，望山谷之嵯峨。野萧条以莽荡，迥千里而无家。风猋发以漂遥兮，谷水灌以扬波。飞云雾之杳杳，涉积雪之皑皑。雁邕邕以群翔兮，□鸡鸣以哜哜。
译文： 登上高平四面环望啊，浏览山谷高峻的峰峦。四野寂寥而空阔啊，远望千里没有人家。疾风刮来漂摇，谷水灌注扬波。穿梭在飞来的茫茫云雾中，跋涉在满山皑皑的白雪里。大雁邕邕高叫着群飞，鵾鸡喈喈齐声合鸣。
游子悲其故乡，心怆悢以伤怀。抚长剑而慨息，泣涟落而沾衣。揽余涕以于邑兮，哀生民之多故。夫何阴曀之不阳兮，嗟久失其平度。谅时运之所为兮，永伊郁其谁愬？
译文： 游子哀思故乡，内心犹怀悲伤。抚摸长剑而叹息，泪水涟涟沾衣衫。揩涕泪抽噎，哀民生多难。天为什么总是阴沉不晴啊，叹长期没有正常的法度。确实是时势所造啊，深深地幽怨向谁倾诉。
乱曰：夫子固穷游艺文兮，乐以忘忧惟圣贤兮？达人从事有仪则兮，行止屈申与时息兮？君子履信无不居兮，虽之蛮貊何忧惧兮？
译文： 尾声：孔子说安守困穷，游于文章典籍吧。乐观忘忧是圣贤啊。通达的人，做事守法则啊。可行即行，可止即止。该屈就屈，该伸就伸，审时度势，顺应时势。君子履行忠信之道，没有不可居之地。虽在蛮貊之地，又有什么忧惧呢。
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述行赋》
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班彪简介
唐代·班彪的简介
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班彪字叔皮。扶风安陵（今陕西咸阳东北）人。出生于官宦世家，从小好古敏求，与其兄班嗣游学不辍，才名渐显。西汉末年，为避战乱至天水，依附于隗嚣，欲劝说隗嚣归依汉室，作《王命论》感化之，结果未能如愿。后至河西（今河西走廊一带 ） ， 为大将军窦融从事 ， 劝窦融支持光武帝。东汉初，举茂才，任徐县令，因病免官。班彪学博才高，专力从事于史学著述。写成《后传》60余篇，斟酌前史，纠正得失，为后世所重。其子班固修成《汉书》，史料多依班彪，实际上是他修史工作的继续。其女班昭等又补充固所未及完成者。