《秋水(节选)》翻译及注释
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：庄子及门徒
秋水时至，百川灌河。泾流之大，两涘渚崖之间，不辩牛马。于是焉，河伯欣然自喜，以天下之美为尽在己。顺流而东行，至于北海。东面而视，不见水端。于是焉，河伯始旋其面目，望洋向若而叹曰：“野语有之曰：‘闻道百，以为莫己若’者，我之谓也。且夫我尝闻少仲尼之闻，而轻伯夷之义者，始吾弗信，今吾睹子之难穷也，吾非至于子之门，则殆矣，吾长见笑于大方之家。”
译文： 秋季的霖雨如期而至，千百条小河注人黄河。水流宽阔，两岸和水中洲岛之间，连牛马都分辨不清。于是乎，河伯洋洋自得，认为天下的美景都集中在他自己这里。顺着流水向东方行走，一直到达北海，面向东看去，看不到水的尽头。这时，河伯改变他自得的神色，抬头仰视着海神若叹息说：“俗话所说的‘知道的道理很多了，便认为没有谁能比得上自己’，这正是说我呀。再说，我曾经听说(有人)认为仲尼的学识少，伯夷的义行不值得看重。开始我还不敢相信，现在我亲眼目睹了大海您大到难以穷尽，如果我没有来到您的身边，那就很危险了，我将要永远被明白大道理的人嘲笑。”
注释： 时：按季节。灌：注人。河：黄河。泾流：水流。两涘：河的两岸。挨：水边。渚崖：水洲岸边。渚：水中洲岛。辩：通“辨”。焉：乎。河伯：黄河之神。伯，长者之称。以天下之美为尽在己：以为天下的美景全集中在自己这里。东面：脸朝东。端：边，尽头。旋其面目：改变他(欣然自喜)的面容。旋：转，转变。望洋：仰视的样子，也作“望羊”、“望阳”，然解作望见海洋亦通。若：即海若，海神。野语：俗语，谚语。莫己若：宾语前置，即莫若己，没有人比得上自己。我之谓也：即谓我也。少仲尼之闻：认为孔子的学识少。闻：学识，学问。轻伯夷之义：认为伯夷的义行轻。伯夷：商代诸侯孤竹君的长子，历来被看做义士的典型。少、轻，作动词用。子：您。本指海神，这里借指海。难穷：难以穷尽。穷：尽殆：危险。长：长久，永远。见：表被动。大方之家：明白大道理的人。大方：大道。
北海若曰：“井蛙不可以语于海者，拘于虚也；夏虫不可以语于冰者，笃于时也；曲士不可以语于道者，束于教也。今尔出于崖涘，观于大海，乃知尔丑，尔将可与语大理矣。天下之水，莫大于海。万川归之，不知何时止而不盈；尾闾泄之，不知何时已而不虚；春秋不变，水旱不知。此其过江河之流，不可为量数。而吾未尝以此自多者，自以比形于天地，而受气于阴阳，吾在天地之间，犹小石小木之在大山也。方存乎见少，又奚以自多！计四海之在天地之间也，不似礨空之在大泽乎？计中国之在海内不似稊米之在大仓乎？号物之数谓之万，人处一焉；人卒九州，谷食之所生，舟车之所通，人处一焉。此其比万物也，不似豪末之在于马体乎？五帝之所连，三王之所争，仁人之所忧，任士之所劳，尽此矣！伯夷辞之以为名，仲尼语之以为博。此其自多也，不似尔向之自多于水乎？”
译文： 北海若说：“不可与井底之蛙谈论大海，因为它的眼界受狭小居处的局限;不可与夏天的虫子谈论冰，因为它受到时令的局限;不可与见识浅陋的乡曲书生谈论大道理，因为他受到了礼教的束缚。现在你河伯从黄河两岸间走出，看到了大海，才知道你自己的鄙陋，可以跟你谈论一些大道理了。天下的水，没有比海更大的。千万条河流流归大海，没有停止的时候，而大海却并不因此而盈满;尾闾不停地排泄海水，不知到什么时候停止，但大海并没有减少。无论春天还是秋天大海水位不变，无论水灾还是旱灾大海没有感觉。大海的容量超过了长江、黄河的水流，简直不能用数字来计算。但是我并没有因此而自夸，我自认为自己列身于天地之间，接受了阴阳之气。我在天地之间，好比是小石块、小树木在高山一样，正感到自己的渺小，又怎么会自傲自夸？计算四海在天地这个大空间里，不正像小小的蚁穴存在于大湖之中吗？计算中原地区在四海之内，不正像米粒存放在粮仓之中吗？世间万物数量有万种，人不过是其中之一种;人类虽遍布九州，但其所居之地也只占谷食所生、舟车所通之地中的万分之一。拿人和万物相比，不正像一根毫毛在马身上工样吗？五帝所延续的(业绩)，三王所争夺的(天下)，仁人志士所忧虑的(事情)，以天下为己任的贤能之士为之劳苦的(目标)，都不过如此而已。伯夷以辞让周王授予的职位而取得名声，孔子以谈说‘仁’、‘礼’而显示渊博。他们这样自我夸耀，不正像你当初因河水上涨而自夸一样吗？”
注释： 以：与。语：谈论。拘：拘束，局限。于：被。虚：同“墟”，居住的地方。笃：固，局限。时：时令。曲士：乡曲之士，指见识浅陋之人。束于教也：受所受教育的束缚。尔：你。崖诶：河岸。乃：才。丑：鄙陋。大理：大道理。盈：满。尾闾：神话传说中排泄海水的地方。已：停止。虚：虚空。
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庄周《
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逍遥游(节选)》
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阮籍《
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咏怀八十二首·其七十九》
庄子及门徒简介
唐代·庄子及门徒的简介
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