长歌续短歌
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
唐代]：李贺
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
长歌破衣襟，短歌断白发。
秦王不可见，旦夕成内热。
渴饮壶中酒，饥拔陇头粟。
凄凉四月阑，千里一时绿。
夜峰何离离，明月落石底。
徘徊沿石寻，照出高峰外。
不得与之游，歌成鬓先改。
长歌续短歌译文及注释
译文
写长歌把我的衣襟磨破，吟短诗使我的白发脱落。
谒见秦王没有机缘，日夜焦虑我心中烦热。
喝口壶中酒，聊以解渴，拔把垅头谷，暂充饥饿。
四月将尽，千里大地一片绿色，自己却贫困潦倒，不由人感到凄凉难过。
夜幕中峰峦起伏重叠，明亮的月光却只向谷底照射。
我来来回回沿着石崖寻觅，可它又在高峰之外不可捉摸。
自己终不得与其共事，歌成而头发早已变白。
注释
长歌续短歌：题目从古乐府《长歌行》、《短歌行》化出。
长歌二句：互文的修辞手法，长歌短歌，唱破衣襟，吟断白发。
秦王：指唐宪宗。宪宗当时在秦地，所以称为秦王。
旦夕：日日夜夜。内热：内心急躁而炽热。
陇头：田间地头。此二句比喻诗人如饥似渴地思念唐宪宗。
凄凉二句：因为困顿潦倒，看到初夏万物茂盛，更加自感凄凉。
离离：重叠、罗列的样子。
明月：比喻唐宪宗。这两句的意思为：夜峰罗列，月光照耀在落石下，不及他处。比喻君恩被群小阻隔。
裴回：即“徘徊”，彷徨不进貌。
之：代词，代指唐宪宗。
鬓先改：鬓发已经变白。
参考资料：
1、冯浩非 徐传武．李贺诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：112-114
长歌续短歌鉴赏
开头二句紧扣诗题，有愁苦万分，悲歌不已的意思。“破”、“断”二字，用得很奇特，但也都入情入理。古人有“长歌当哭”的话，长歌当哭，泪洒胸怀，久而久之，那衣襟自然会破烂。杜甫有“白头搔更短，浑欲不胜簪”（《春望》）的诗句，人到烦恼之至，无计可施的时候，常常会下意识地搔爬头皮，白发越搔越稀。这首诗的“断”可能就是由杜甫诗中的“短”生发出来的。
三、四句写进见“秦王”的愿望不能实现，因而内心更加郁闷，像是烈火中烧，炽热难熬。“秦王”当指唐宪宗。王琦说：“时天子居秦地，故以秦王为喻。”（《李长吉歌诗汇解》）李贺在世时，宪宗还能有所作为，曾采取削藩措施，重整朝政，史家有“中兴”之誉。李贺对这样的君主是寄托希望的。他在考进士受到排挤打击之后，幻想他能像马周受知于唐太宗那样，直接去见皇帝，以实现他的政治理想。
五、六句具体描述诗人苦闷的心情与清贫的生活，与开头二句相照应、相补充。“渴饮壶中酒”，渴是“内热”的表现，饮酒的目的在于平息内热、消愁解闷；“饥拔陇头粟”，为求见“秦王”不惜忍饥挨饿，靠从地里拔粟充饥。
七、八句写景。“凄凉四月阑，千里一时绿”，初夏已尽，盛夏来临，草木葱翠，生气勃勃，原是不会有凄凉之感的。然而“绿肥红瘦”，万花摇落，诗人又不禁为之唏嘘感叹。下面的“千里”句，故意用欢乐的色调映衬凄苦的情怀，颇有“春物与愁客，遇时各有违”（孟郊《春愁》）的意味，这样反复渲染，有一唱三叹之妙。诗人述怀从景物落笔，寄情于景，意味深长。
后六句采用借喻、拟人等修辞手法，表面上写景物，实际上写人事。“夜峰何离离，明月落石底”。夜间的峰峦一个挨一个地排列着，黝黑而高，竟把那明朗的月亮遮得无影无踪，让诗人感到纳闷。诗人沿着那崎岖的石径四处寻觅，忽而发现它在高峰之外。峰峦阻隔，高不可攀，心中异常痛苦，因而慷慨悲歌，鬓发也在不知不觉中变得更加苍白，忧伤催人老。“夜峰”、“明月”等句喻意微婉。“明月”借喻唐宪宗，夜峰指代他身边的卿相们，意思是宪宗为一些大臣所包围，闭目塞聪，就像月亮为峰峦所阻隔，虽有明光，却不能下达。这些表明诗人深知当时朝廷的弊病，他想向宪宗陈述国事，以匡时救弊，然而“山”高“月”远，投告无门，只有暗自忧伤而已。
杜牧在《李长吉歌诗叙》中评李贺的诗说：“盖《骚》之苗裔，理虽不及，辞或过之。《骚》有感怨刺怼，言及君臣理乱，时有以激发人意。乃贺所为，得无有是？”这首诗在立意和表现方法的运用上，都与《离骚》很相似。“夜峰何离离，明月落石底”，寄托遥深。诗人把自己的意志和情绪融化在生动的比喻和深邃的意境中，含蓄隽永，优美动人，颇得《离骚》的神髓。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
苏轼《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
西江月·送别》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
李贺《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
示弟》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
句 其一
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
杨绘
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
高骖黄鹤望天飞，千载谁能继费祎。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
逍遥咏
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
宋太宗
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
知之修练但辛勤，苦志由来离六尘。
金鼎乍分红燄火，月魂高锁碧潭津。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
送王本一如辽阳
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
边贡
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
送君无奈别情何，五日生朝客里过。心逐悬旌离汉徼，梦随春柳渡辽河。
重关复岭狼烟接，暮雨朝云海气多。应有大篇吟出塞，不须停马问干戈。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
东陂菡萏盛开即事
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
胡应麟
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
紫骝何处系垂杨，菡萏初分太液长。十万红妆齐衒色，三千彩袖各飞香。
游童戴叶翻歌扇，稚女穿花出画航。最是夜来添怅绝，湖南一路下新霜。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
茅屋
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
元代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
廖大圭
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
茅屋阴阴水北村，满床书卷一桐孙。雨声长在黄梅树，四月来时不出门。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
题东皋
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
曾几
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
市声俱不闻，野色良可喜。
听公北宅住，还我东皋子。