浣溪沙·掩卷平生有百端
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清代]：王国维
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掩卷平生有百端，饱更忧患转冥顽。偶听鹈鴂怨春残。
坐觉亡何消白日，更缘随例弄丹铅。闲愁无分况清欢。
浣溪沙·掩卷平生有百端译文及注释
译文
阖上了书本，想到平生，不禁百感交集。我已经饱历忧患，现在反而变得冥顽不灵了。偶然听到的悲鸟啼叫，才为春天的逝去而伤怨。
我渐觉得再也没有什么办法来消磨漫长的日子，只好随意校勘书籍。连闲愁都无福消受，哪能谈得上清欢？
注释
1、掩卷：合上书本。
2、百端：百种情绪。
3、更：经过，阅历。《三国志·魏书·武帝纪》：“吾预知当尔，非圣也，但更事多耳。”更事，阅历世事。
4、冥顽：顽固、固执。
5、鹈鴂（tí jué）：即子规，杜鹃。《离骚》：“恐鹈鴂之先鸣兮，使夫百草为之不芳。”
6、坐觉：张相《诗词曲语辞汇释》：“坐，犹正也；适也。”“坐觉，犹云正觉也。坐：因为。
7、消：消磨。
8、缘：借助、凭借。
9、丹铅：丹砂和铅粉。古人校勘文字所用。韩愈《秋怀》诗：“不如觑文字，丹铅事点勘。”
10、闲愁：指由无关紧要的事所惹起的愁绪，闲极无聊时所产生的愁绪。
参考资料：
1、王国维编 ．《一生最爱人间词 为伊消得人憔悴 》：天津教育出版社，2012年：44页
浣溪沙·掩卷平生有百端创作背景
该词作于1907年秋季。这时候，父亲与爱妻相继去世，词人不胜悲凉。此词在从容浅谈的自娱自嘲中，浸透了作者感伤沉痛的心情和于事无补的遗憾。
参考资料：
1、王国维编 ．《一生最爱人间词 为伊消得人憔悴 》：天津教育出版社，2012年：44页
浣溪沙·掩卷平生有百端鉴赏
词中所写的是一位饱经忧患的中年人索莫的心境。静思身世，万感平生，仿佛对什么事情都麻木了。被愁苦浸的麻木了，莫可奈何只好任由它去，心的麻木只为了减少心灵敏感带来的精神苦痛。
上片写词人掩卷，从叙写眼前景物开始，想到了词人的心酸的过往，想到了词人更加努力地专研书籍，只是偶然听到的悲鸟啼叫，觉得时间易逝。
下片转而写词人的内心，“坐觉亡何消白日”写出了作者不知道如何消磨漫长的日子，只能借助校勘书籍来打发时间。内心的愁苦无法和人述说。
该词表达了词人深悲极苦之情和悲天悯世之意不被人知道，该词是词人从眼前寻常景物写起，却蕴含极为丰富的深情和哲理。
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杜甫《
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蒹葭》
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陶渊明《
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杂诗十二首·其二》
王国维简介
唐代·王国维的简介
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王国维（1877年—1927年），字伯隅、静安，号观堂、永观，汉族，浙江海宁盐官镇人。清末秀才。我国近现代在文学、美学、史学、哲学、古文字学、考古学等各方面成就卓著的学术巨子，国学大师。
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朱同
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