临江仙·惠州改前韵
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宋代]：苏轼
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九十日春都过了，贪忙何处追游。三分春色一分愁。雨翻榆荚阵，风转柳花球。
我与使君皆白首，休夸少年风流。佳人斜倚合江楼，水光都眼净，山色总眉愁。
临江仙·惠州改前韵译文及注释
译文
春天过去了，一直忙忙碌碌，如今再想寻春，也不可能了。纵然还有三分春色，那一分惆怅也无法免去。雨打榆荚零落，柳絮染尘成球，被风吹得到处翻滚。
我和知州您都是白发老人了，再不要说以前的年少风流往事了。美丽的歌女斜靠在合江楼边。水光清凉，山色美丽，总是让人情不自禁为之感叹。
注释
临江仙：唐教坊曲，后用作词牌名，为双调小令。
九十日春：农历正月至三月。
榆荚（yú jiá）：榆树果实，初春时先于叶生，状似钱而小，暮春时飘落。此句指雨打榆荚零落。
柳花球：柳絮染尘成球。此句指风吹絮球翻滚。
使君：惠州知州詹范。
合江楼：作者初至惠州时所居之所，在惠州东门，因东西二江汇合于此得名。
“水光”二句：形容山水之美。
参考资料：
1、刘石评注,宋词名家诵读 苏轼词,人民文学出版社,2005年03月第1版,第231-232页
2、苏轼著,东坡集 插图本 增订版,凤凰出版社,2013.04,第211页
临江仙·惠州改前韵创作背景
宋哲宗绍圣三年（1096年）暮春。是时，东坡61岁，在惠州贬所宴饮州守詹范时，有感于仕途之变，便作下了这首词。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华，饶学刚，王文龙编著,苏轼词新释辑评 （下册）,中国书店,,第1213-1215页
临江仙·惠州改前韵鉴赏
上片，惜春伤春，无须“贪忙”，“追游”。与密州时作的同词牌名的上片完全一样，惜春。面对同样的春，产生着同样的心情。那时，朝廷政治斗争激烈，词人回避，自求外任。而今，在贬所惠州，也是一个春季过去了（“九十日春都过了”），即风华正茂的时候过去了，我闲置无所事事了（“贪忙何处追游”），无须“贪忙”、“追游”了。紧接着点化运用叶道卿《贺圣词》词：“三分春色，二分愁闷，一分风雨”而言春暮人愁（“三分春色一分愁”），日暮西山，人命危浅了，只是词人未看到日后还有“风雨”，哪怕是“一分风雨”，未想到日后又要谪贬儋州；但他很快意识到，大自然的春天很快消失，自己的青春很快消失，如“雨翻榆荚阵”，如“风转柳花球”，没有多少留恋，有的是终身遗恨。
下片，叹青春不再，人生暗淡。词人此时处境恶劣，心境凄凉，深感自己夕阳黄昏，硬是把棺材准备好了。正因所处社会环境、政治经济地位发生变化，自然他的思想感情、心理观念随之也发生变化，艺术欣赏及其作品的意境发生变化，所以他把密州时作的同词牌的词的下片作了修改。尽管它反映了词人对人生的依恋和青春的惋惜之情，可意境发生了很大变化：仙境不见了，西王母、东皇太乙在东坡心中，早已消失了，再不是什么美好、理想、幸福的形象，更不是什么长生不老的象征了。“我与使君皆白首，休夸年少风流”，惜青春已逝，风流不再。我们已是苍颜白发，还谈什么昔日风流。这意味着一代人的结束。“佳人斜倚合江楼”，唯有我那朝云，病魔缠身，“斜倚”而立，留恋着“合江楼”外的水光山色，哪怕它们是净眼中的水光（“水光都眼净”）和眉愁中的山色（“山色总眉愁”）。正是词人在惠州感情上发生了变化，审美移情发生了变化，所以山光水色也变得“愁”容起来；从而暗示着词人晚年人生暗淡无光了。
全词，上片写春过春愁，伤春惜时，下片写白首眉愁，伤感人生。人的感情发生变化，决定着词的意境发生变化，决定着词的用语的变化。笼罩全词的是一“愁”到底的灰蒙蒙的意味。
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过五原胡儿饮马泉》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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