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《临江仙·惠州改前韵》鉴赏_苏轼作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网

《临江仙·惠州改前韵》鉴赏

原文

九十日春都过了,贪忙何处追游。三分春色一分愁。雨翻榆荚阵,风转柳花球。

我与使君皆白首,休夸少年风流。佳人斜倚合江楼,水光都眼净,山色总眉愁。

赏析

  上片,惜春伤春,无须“贪忙”,“追游”。与密州时作的同词牌名的上片完全一样,惜春。面对同样的春,产生着同样的心情。那时,朝廷政治斗争激烈,词人回避,自求外任。而今,在贬所惠州,也是一个春季过去了(“九十日春都过了”),即风华正茂的时候过去了,我闲置无所事事了(“贪忙何处追游”),无须“贪忙”、“追游”了。紧接着点化运用叶道卿《贺圣词》词:“三分春色,二分愁闷,一分风雨”而言春暮人愁(“三分春色一分愁”),日暮西山,人命危浅了,只是词人未看到日后还有“风雨”,哪怕是“一分风雨”,未想到日后又要谪贬儋州;但他很快意识到,大自然的春天很快消失,自己的青春很快消失,如“雨翻榆荚阵”,如“风转柳花球”,没有多少留恋,有的是终身遗恨。

  下片,叹青春不再,人生暗淡。词人此时处境恶劣,心境凄凉,深感自己夕阳黄昏,硬是把棺材准备好了。正因所处社会环境、政治经济地位发生变化,自然他的思想感情、心理观念随之也发生变化,艺术欣赏及其作品的意境发生变化,所以他把密州时作的同词牌的词的下片作了修改。尽管它反映了词人对人生的依恋和青春的惋惜之情,可意境发生了很大变化:仙境不见了,西王母、东皇太乙在东坡心中,早已消失了,再不是什么美好、理想、幸福的形象,更不是什么长生不老的象征了。“我与使君皆白首,休夸年少风流”,惜青春已逝,风流不再。我们已是苍颜白发,还谈什么昔日风流。这意味着一代人的结束。“佳人斜倚合江楼”,唯有我那朝云,病魔缠身,“斜倚”而立,留恋着“合江楼”外的水光山色,哪怕它们是净眼中的水光(“水光都眼净”)和眉愁中的山色(“山色总眉愁”)。正是词人在惠州感情上发生了变化,审美移情发生了变化,所以山光水色也变得“愁”容起来;从而暗示着词人晚年人生暗淡无光了。

  全词,上片写春过春愁,伤春惜时,下片写白首眉愁,伤感人生。人的感情发生变化,决定着词的意境发生变化,决定着词的用语的变化。笼罩全词的是一“愁”到底的灰蒙蒙的意味。

苏轼简介

唐代·苏轼的简介


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苏轼


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苏轼(1037-1101),北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻,号东坡居士。汉族,四川人,葬于颍昌(今河南省平顶山市郏县)。一生仕途坎坷,学识渊博,天资极高,诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆,明白畅达,与欧阳修并称欧苏,为“唐宋八大家”之一;诗清新豪健,善用夸张、比喻,艺术表现独具风格,与黄庭坚并称苏黄;词开豪放一派,对后世有巨大影响,与辛弃疾并称苏辛;书法擅长行书、楷书,能自创新意,用笔丰腴跌宕,有天真烂漫之趣,与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家;画学文同,论画主张神似,提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。

...〔 〕