自巴东舟行经瞿唐峡登巫山最高峰晚还题壁
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唐代]：李白
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江行几千里，海月十五圆。
始经瞿唐峡，遂步巫山巅。
巫山高不穷，巴国尽所历。
日边攀垂萝，霞外倚穹石。
飞步凌绝顶，极目无纤烟。
却顾失丹壑，仰观临青天。
青天若可扪，银汉去安在？
望云知苍梧，记水辨瀛海。
周游孤光晚，历览幽意多。
积雪照空谷，悲风鸣森柯。
归途行欲曛，佳趣尚未歇，
江寒早啼猿，松暝已吐月。
月色何悠悠，清猿响啾啾。
辞山不忍听，挥策还孤舟。
自巴东舟行经瞿唐峡登巫山最高峰晚还题壁译文及注释
译文
江上的行程已是几千里，我已见到了十五次江上的月圆。
先是饱览了瞿塘峡的风光，随后便又登巫山。
巴国的大地虽已走尽，而这巫山却是高得难以达到顶端。
身负巨石好像在云霞之外，手攀垂下的藤萝又像已接近日边。
飞步登上巫山山顶时，极目远望食有丝毫的遮掩。
回头不见了暗红色的山壑，仰望看到的只是青天。
青天近得似乎可以用手摸到，不知银河离这里还有多远？
望着白云飞去的地方可以辨知苍梧山，随着滚滚东去的江水可以探知大海。
游历到日光西斜，仍然有许多妙境值得徘徊。
悲风吹着树枝作响，空谷里的积雪还白光闪闪。
踏上归途时已是黄昏，此时的游兴依然未减。
寒江两岸的猿声早早地啼起，一轮明月已出现在昏暗的松间。
啊，月光是多么清悠，猿啼又是多么凄惨。
我实在不能忍闻这猿啼而匆忙下山，快步回到我的小船。
注释
巴东：王琦注：即归州，唐时隶山南东道。《方舆胜览》：瞿塘峡在夔州东一里，旧名西陵峡，乃三峡之门。两崖对峙，中贯一江，望之如门。陆放翁《入蜀记》：瞿塘峡，两壁对耸，上入霄汉，其平如削成，视天如匹练。《方舆胜览》：巫峡，在巫山县之西。《水经注》云：杜宇所凿，通江水。图经云：引山当抗峰氓、峨，偕岭衡岳，凝结翼附，并出青霄，谓之巫山。有十二峰，上有神女庙、阳云台，高百二十丈。
海月：海上的月亮。
瞿（qú）唐峡：亦作“瞿塘峡”。峡名。为长江三峡之首。也称夔峡。西起四川省奉节县白帝城，东至巫山大溪。
巴国：《山海经》：西南有巴国。
穹（qióng）石：大岩石。《上林赋》：“触穹石。”张揖注：“穹石，大石也。”
飞步：快步；疾步。郭璞诗：“翘手攀金梯，飞步登玉阙。”
却顾：回头看。舟壑（hè）：藏在山谷中的船。后借指世事。
瀛（yíng）海：大海。汉王充《论衡·谈天》：“九州之外，更有瀛海。”
孤光：孤独的光，单独的光。多指日光或月光。鲍照诗：“孤光独徘徊。”
悲风：凄厉的寒风。
佳趣：高雅的情趣。
吐月：吴均诗：“疏峰时吐月。”
清猿：猿。因其啼声凄清，故称。
孤舟：孤独的船。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：812-813
自巴东舟行经瞿唐峡登巫山最高峰晚还题壁创作背景
这是一首很完整的记游诗，是李白坐船从巴东到瞿塘峡然后登上巫山最高峰，在傍晚归来时创作的。此诗当写于开元十三年（725）李白二十五岁之时。是年秋季，李白“仗剑去国，辞亲远游”。过夔州（今四川奉节）不远便是瞿塘峡，出峡后诗人停船游览巫山，并登上了最高峰。
参考资料：
1、詹福瑞 等．李白诗全译．石家庄：河北人民出版社，1997：812-813
自巴东舟行经瞿唐峡登巫山最高峰晚还题壁鉴赏
此诗“巴东”这一地理概念的具体所指，历来有所争议。一些旧注认为诗题上的“巴东”即是唐代归州的巴东（今湖北巴东），如比较权威的清代学者王琦所注的《李太白全集》在此诗题下解释说：“巴东，即归州也，唐时隶山南东道。”（《李太白全集》中册1021页，中华书局出版）若仅凭字面意义，此说无错。但按照诗意，则不可通。诗题曰“自巴东舟行经瞿唐峡登巫山”云云，可知诗人的行进路线是从巴东出发，然后穿过瞿唐峡，接着才登上巫山的。若此，巴东的位置一定在瞿唐峡之前，或者说，瞿唐峡一定在巴东和巫山的中间。然而，归州的巴东却在巫山的下游，若自这里登巫山，则必须溯江而上，但无论如何又无法经过瞿唐峡。如果顺流，那就要先过瞿唐峡，登巫山之后要再行走相当一段水路方可到归州的“巴东”，与诗题大相牴牾。于此可知，“归州巴东”的说法是错误的。其实此诗中的“巴东”是指夔州（今四川奉节）。《新唐书》地理志卷四十载：“夔州，云安郡下都督府，本信州巴东郡。武德二年（619）更州名，天宝元年（642）更郡名。”据此可知夔州原来是信州的巴东郡，至“天宝元年”始“更郡名”。李白此行当在开元十三年（725），此时的夔州尚未改名，仍叫巴东郡，所以诗人才有此称。又据《方舆胜览》：“瞿塘峡在夔州东一里”。若把与此有关的地名按长江流向自上而下的地理位置排列一下的话，其顺序则是夔州、瞿唐峡、巫山、巴东，况且前三处所距不远，完全可能是在一天中所经过的三个地方。诗人自夔州（时称巴东郡）出发，很快即经过瞿唐峡而到达巫山（参见《中国历史地图册》第五册47－48页，中华地图学社出版）。这样解则全诗疑窦顿开，语意甚明。
诗的开头概述自己登巫山前的情景。“江行几千里，海月十五圆”两句是说自己从家乡出发以来，沿江已走了几千里水路。这天正逢望日，明月皎洁，圆如银盘。诗人接着说，刚刚经过瞿唐峡之后便徒步登上巫山的最高峰。在山巅之上，诗人极目千里，饱览巫山的雄姿。“巫山高不穷，巴国尽所历”紧承前句，写巫山的高危与广阔。“不穷”是无穷无尽之意，这显然是夸张的说法，但又可说是诗人所目见。因为诗人视野之内皆是耸山峻岭，都是巫山之境，故谓之“无穷”，所以下句说整个巴国境内都被巫山占据了。当然此句只是形容巫山面积之大，与杜甫名句“岱宗夫如何，齐鲁青未了”句意相同，不必拘泥考证巴国的辖境。“日边攀垂萝，霞外依穹石。飞步凌绝顶，极目无纤烟”四句写登山时的主观感受。山路高危陡峭，诗人要凭借垂下的藤条萝蔓才可向上攀援，有时只好倚偎在突出的大石头上喘息一会儿。诗人登得太高了，他觉得好像在日边霞外一般，云气在脚下缭绕，太阳在身边高悬。诗人心情愉悦，急不可待地快步登上绝顶，向远处眺望。啊！太美了。天清日朗，万里澄鲜，一点遮挡视线的东西也没有。他心旷神怡，浮想联翩，以下六句便写其在顶峰上的感受。
“却顾”两句是说，山顶真是高极了，回头向下一看，只见万里深渊神秘莫测，令人面容失色，心惊肉跳；抬头向上一望，头上即是青天。登临高绝之处，惊愕中又有几分自豪感，这是所有登山人都会产生的普遍心理。于是诗人展开了想象的翅膀，竟觉得青天仿佛可以用手就能摸到一样，但夜间所常见的银河此时却不知哪里去了。远望云彩的升起之处，便可知道苍梧山所在的地方；观看那奔腾的大江的流逝，便可辨别大海所在的方向。“苍梧”语出《归藏·启筮》：“有白云出自苍梧，入于大梁”。“瀛海”一词出白于《史记》。其实这两句诗是诗人由眼前所见的云气和江水发想而来，江流的方向当然应该是大海，无须详考。“周游孤光晚，历览幽意多”两句是过渡句，承上启下，下文便转写归途中的景色。
“积雪照空谷”以下八句大意是说，高山背阴处的积雪映照着空荡荡的深谷，风吹树木发出呜呜的悲凄之声。踏上归途时天色已晚，只剩夕阳的余晖了，但诗人游意未艾，兴致颇高。江上寒冷，故早早就听到了猿的啼叫之声，天色朦朦胧胧，远处的松林已隐隐约约，一轮明月从那里缓缓升起，宛如松林吐出的一般。月光皎洁明媚，猿声清幽凄厉。此情此景给人一种空寂静穆的感觉。这既是眼前的实景，又有诗人不忍离去的主观情感寓于其间，因此有一种惆怅惋惜的情味。最后两句说虽然自己还有游兴。但不愿再听到猿的啼叫声，这才怀着恋恋不舍的心情辞别了巫山，拄着登山杖回到了船上。
全诗记叙登巫山的经过，写得相当完整。从开始上山写起，继写登山时的感受与登上顶峰时所见到的景色，最后写下山及回船的过程，一气呵成，完全按时间顺序和所经历的过程来写，脉络清晰，层次分明。诗中借助夸张手法和大胆的想象渲染巫山之高峻宏伟，“日边”、“霞外”等诗句给人以飘飘欲仙之感两句更是异想天开的惊人之语，令人耳目一新，充分体现出诗人的浪漫气质。此诗是太白初离家乡时所作，他第一次接触到如此雄伟壮阔的山川景色，又因未接世事，所以诗中洋溢着欣喜之情，虽然在后半部分略含凄寂之味，但那恰恰充分地表现了游兴未尽的遗憾与惋惜，并没有什么感伤的情味。全诗的基调是明朗乐观，积极向上的，与其后来的一些山水诗的扑朔迷离，晦暗感伤是大不相同的。
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陆游《
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过小孤山大孤山》
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朱熹《
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百丈山记》
李白简介
唐代·李白的简介
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李白（701年－762年），字太白，号青莲居士，唐朝浪漫主义诗人，被后人誉为“诗仙”。祖籍陇西成纪(待考)，出生于西域碎叶城，4岁再随父迁至剑南道绵州。李白存世诗文千余篇，有《李太白集》传世。762年病逝，享年61岁。其墓在今安徽当涂，四川江油、湖北安陆有纪念馆。
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