贺新郎·弹铗西来路
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宋代]：刘过
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弹铗西来路。记匆匆、经行十日，几番风雨。梦里寻秋秋不见，秋在平芜远树。雁信落、家山何处？万里西风吹客鬓，把菱花、自笑人如许。留不住、少年去。
男儿事业无凭据。记当年、悲歌击楫，酒酣箕踞。腰下光芒三尺剑，时解挑灯夜语。谁更识、此时情绪？唤起杜陵风月手，写江东渭北相思句。歌此恨，慰羁旅。
贺新郎·弹铗西来路译文及注释
译文
西行路上，我像战国时齐人冯谖一样弹铗而歌，心怀壮志难酬之情失意而行。记得我一路行色匆匆，数El奔波，历经几番风尘与骤雨。在甜美的梦乡里，我苦苦寻找秋天，却没有找到，秋天究竟在哪里呢？一路行走，一路观赏。原来秋天就在杂草丛生的平坦宽阔地，就在远处的水中沙洲里边。无限秋意勾起我思乡之情，但是好久没有家中的音信了，我想托付大雁代我传书，可是国破家亡，如今的家乡在哪里呢？异乡作客，本已堪悲，何况又值万木萧疏的秋天，更何况在万里之外，行进在边塞路上，瑟瑟西风还吹拂着我的鬓发，更显得凄惨悲切。对镜自照，两鬓生斑，人已憔悴不堪；美好的少年时光是无法留住的，它已匆匆地流逝过去了。这一切令人可笑！男子汉大丈夫的事业是永无止境的。
我一个堂堂男儿，却无法完成为国家收复失地、统一中原的事业。回想当年，我像祖逖一样击筑而歌，豪情满怀。酒酣之后，便把双腿伸出来坐下，一副狂傲不羁模样。那时，我不可一世，就连腰间的三尺佩剑也寒光闪烁。我则时常起身看剑，对它喃喃夜语，因此也就不忍心对着灯花淌下热泪了。现在我真想唤起像诗圣杜甫那样的知己，用他们描写江东渭北相思之情的诗句，抒发自己心中的怨恨、乡甩的痛菩和帅恚难酬的悲愤。以慰藉我这浪迹天涯人的愁苦吧。
注释
铗：剑。
芜：荒废、杂乱。
雁信：雁儿传信。
把：拿
菱花：镜子。
箕踞：膝头屈起的一种坐法，形状如箕，表示倨傲。
更：怎能。
杜陵：地名，今陕西西安市东南，杜甫曾在此居住。
风月手：此指写诗的能手。
羁旅：客居异乡。
参考资料：
1、王铁麟编著．落日孤城 贺新郎[M]．上海：上海书店出版社，2002：13
2、张石东，王春香编注．豪放词 图文本 注释 翻译 评析：甘肃民族出版社，2000.02：284-285
贺新郎·弹铗西来路创作背景
刘过作为一位爱国志士，他力主北伐，曾上书宰相，痛陈恢复中原的方略，但却不被苟且偷安的当政者所采纳。因此他浪迹江湖，先是南下东阳、天台、明州，北上无锡，姑苏、金陵；后又从金陵溯江西上，经采石、池州、九江、武昌，直至当时南宋前线重镇襄阳。这首《贺新郎》大约写于词人西游汉沔（今武汉）时。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋，钟振振主编．宋词鉴赏辞典：商务印书馆国际有限公司，2011.08：1004
贺新郎·弹铗西来路鉴赏
这首词写于作者中年以后溯江而上之时。他有志报国，投书献策，希图仕进，并劝说诸路帅臣，致力恢复中原，均未奏效，流寓他乡，抑郁不平。上片写依人客居，抒寻秋思乡的失意之情。起首三句先用冯谖弹铗的故事叙说自己从金陵西上，旅途艰苦、窘迫十分不得意的状况。“梦里”三句点明时间是在秋季，心情的苦闷，更勾起思乡的情怀。但家乡路遥。欲归不得，更令人伤感。“万里”以下，感叹自己长期在外奔波，岁月流逝，年纪已老，却事业无成，字句之间，流露出深沉的感慨。下片追忆青年时代的凌云理想与豪迈气概，抒请缨无路的惆怅。那时他的理想虽无人理解，但他自己立下不澄清中原绝不罢休的壮志，酣放自若，不可一世，连腰上的宝剑也发出声来表示要上阵杀敌，可现在他竞一事无成，谁能理解他此时的心绪？最后他希望有李白杜甫那样的诗人，用他们的诗句，抒发自己壮志难酬的悲愤情绪。
本词抒发了作者事业无成的忧虑和苦闷，写来如水银泻地，挥洒无余。风格豪放，感情深沉，用典贴切，笔力峭拔。刘熙载《艺概》中称刘过词“狂逸之中自饶俊致”，读者可从这首词中不难看出。
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蒋捷《
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贺新郎·吴江》
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杜甫《
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野老》
刘过简介
唐代·刘过的简介
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刘过（1154～1206）南宋文学家，字改之，号龙洲道人。吉州太和（今江西泰和县）人，长于庐陵（今江西吉安），去世于江苏昆山，今其墓尚在。四次应举不中，流落江湖间，布衣终身。曾为陆游、辛弃疾所赏，亦与陈亮、岳珂友善。词风与辛弃疾相近，抒发抗金抱负狂逸俊致，与刘克庄、刘辰翁享有“辛派三刘”之誉，又与刘仙伦合称为“庐陵二布衣”。有《龙洲集》、《龙洲词》。
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：
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唐代：
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