孤山寺端上人房写望
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
宋代]：林逋
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
底处凭阑思眇然，孤山塔后阁西偏。
阴沉画轴林间寺，零落棋枰葑上田。
秋景有时飞独鸟，夕阳无事起寒烟。
迟留更爱吾庐近，只待重来看雪天。
孤山寺端上人房写望译文及注释
译文
黄昏时分，凭栏何处，思绪才如此飘渺无际？就在那孤山塔后小阁西边幽僻的僧房。
纵目远眺，映入眼帘的森森树林，阴阴寺院，暗淡得像一帧退了色的古画；而葑田块块，在水面上零星飘荡，又仿佛是棋盘上割下来的方格子。
秋色苍然，万物萧索，惟有归鸟偶尔掠过；夕阳西沉，安谧、朦胧，但见寒烟缕缕升起。
更爱它与我的庐舍邻近。等那雪花纷飞之时，我要重来，观赏那银装素裹的景致。
注释
孤山：指浙江杭州西湖的孤山，时诗人隐居在此。端上人：名端的和尚。上人：佛教称具备德智善行的人。用作和尚的尊称。写望：写望见之景。
底处：何处。阑：同“栏”，栏杆。眇（miǎo）：通“渺”，远貌。此处指思绪悠长。
偏：侧。
“阴沉”句：意谓色泽黯淡的林间寺庙像一幅画。阴沉：色泽黯淡。
“零落”句：意谓零星飘在水面上的一块块架田就像棋盘上的方格子。枰（píng）：棋盘。此处以棋盘方格喻架田。葑（fèng）上田：葑，菰根，即茭白根。葑上田，又称架田，在沼泽中以木作架，铺上泥土及水生植物而浮于水上的农田。
庐：房舍。
参考资料：
1、王延梯 章秋．中国历代诗歌精读：宋诗卷：济南出版社，1999年：13-14页
2、陶文鹏．宋诗精华：广西师范大学出版社，1996年：41页
孤山寺端上人房写望创作背景
诗人林逋隐居杭州时，结庐西湖之孤山。孤山之上有孤山寺，这是他常常喜欢登览的胜地。此诗是诗人在一个秋日的傍晚，在孤山寺端上人房饱览风景时有感而作。
参考资料：
1、沈伟麟．江山留胜迹：山水篇：上海辞书出版社，1996年：108页
孤山寺端上人房写望鉴赏
林逋隐居杭州时，在西湖孤山结庐。孤山之有孤山寺，这是他常常喜欢登览的胜地。该写一个秋日的傍晚，诗人在孤山寺端上人房内饱览山上风景。诗以素淡的笔触，描绘出幽邃的景色，造成一神幽寂的意境。而这种境界，正是林逋这位幽人（隐士）所眷恋的。
首联破题领起：诗人凭栏远望的地点在孤山寺端上人房；至于房的方位，孤山塔后有一座阁，房间就在此座寺阁的西边。诗人凭阑纵目时，思绪飞得很远、很远。他并没有明说幽思因何而起，而是将笔荡开，于颔、颈二联画了四幅风景画。
画面在“望”中一幅幅依次展开。先是一幅“方外寺”：阴森森的树林里，隐隐约约地闪现出几所寺院。诗人身处佛地，所以第一眼看到的便是佛寺。暮色苍茫，远远望去，这个景色暗淡得就像一帧退了颜色的约画。寺在“画轴”之中，想象奇妙。眼中是画，诗笔下也是画。画境寂静幽深，正见方外本色。再是一幅“葑上田”。诗人转移了一下视角，但见水面上零零星星地飘荡着一块块的架田，犹如那棋盘上割下来的方格子。枰，棋盘。以棋盘方格譬架田，比喻贴切。其时夕阳西下，夜幕将临，农失们都已荷锄归家了，因此画面上空无一人，分外宁静。
接下是一幅“空中鸟”：诗人举头瞻望天宇，只见寥廓秋空之中，偶尔飞过一只伶仃的小鸟。诗人赶紧将这“独鸟”捕捉进画中，又涂上几抹秋云作为背景。
最后展开的是一幅在“墟里烟”：夕照之中，什么都没有，唯有袅袅寒烟（秋已深，炊烟在秋空之中，也带有深秋的寒色了）萦绕半空，这表明，附近村落的人家已在点火做晚饭了。这幅诗人略略低首绘下的画，意境空寂，色彩也淡得不能再淡了。
寺、田、鸟、烟四轴风景图，展现的正是高僧端上人日日置身其间的那个幽深清寂的环境。此种环境，与这位幽人断绝尘想、潇洒物外的恬静心境、闭逸情致正相吻合。因此，他从中领略到了莫大的兴味，渺然幽思便由此而起，令他久久留连，迟迟不愿归去。
末联便直抒这种倾慕心情，诗人道：我迟迟逗留着，不舍得归去。今日之游，我愈加喜爱这块胜地了，因为，它与我的庐舍相近。近，我得以迟归，又得以常来。现在，快要掌灯吃晚饭了，我也该同去了。不过，等那雪花纷扬时，我要重来此地，观赏那银装素裹的世界。
这首七律以工于写景驰名，不仅“诗中有画”，而且手法高妙。颈联在词序的排列上作了精密的调动，画面就在宁谧中浮动着一股生动的灵气。而颔联，则因其奇妙的想象与贴切的比喻，更受后世诗人们的激赏，仿效之句也最多。如滕岑有“何人为展古画幅，尘暗缣绡浓淡间”（《游西湖》），程孟阳有“古寺工如昏壁画”（《闻等慈师在拂水有寄》），黄庭坚有“田似围棋据一枰”（《题安福李令朝华亭》）、“稻田棋局方”（《次韵知命入青原山石》），文同有“秋田沟垅如棋局”（《闲居院上方晚景》），杨万里有“天置楸枰作稻畦”（《晚望》），杨慎有“平田如棋局”（《出郊》），等等，因此王渔洋品评此联“写景最工”（《池北偶谈》），是有道理的。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
王维《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
早秋山中作》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
周邦彦《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
齐天乐·绿芜凋尽台城路》
林逋简介
唐代·林逋的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
林逋（967一1028）字君复，汉族，浙江大里黄贤村人（一说杭州钱塘）。幼时刻苦好学，通晓经史百家。书载性孤高自好，喜恬淡，勿趋荣利。长大后，曾漫游江淮间，后隐居杭州西湖，结庐孤山。常驾小舟遍游西湖诸寺庙，与高僧诗友相往还。每逢客至，叫门童子纵鹤放飞，林逋见鹤必棹舟归来。作诗随就随弃，从不留存。1028年（天圣六年）卒。其侄林彰（朝散大夫）、林彬（盈州令）同至杭州，治丧尽礼。宋仁宗赐谥“和靖先生”。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
山行
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
元代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
徐贲
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
千嶂松风百嶂云，春山行遍此寻君。林园花尽逢人少，赖有莺声到处闻。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
咏马蹄墨一首柬留守郑广之玉峰李景辉二知己
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
童轩
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
汗血曾劳百战场，空遗踣铁在文房。砚台夜迹元霜滑，笔阵朝冲紫雾香。
削玉谩劳龙作剂，藏金聊藉豹为囊。可怜一蹶无人识，却欲追踪后二王。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
钱江归舟
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
清代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
王泰偕
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
道出钱塘江，十里无顽壤。斗然怒潮来，激岸成滉瀁。
波势倏低昂，帆影随俯仰。蛟涎溅衣湿，鹢舟荡人晃。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
念奴娇 茉莉
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
于玉班
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
檐栊午寂，正阴阴窥见，后堂芳树。绿遍长丛花事杳，忽见琼葩丰度。
艳雪肌肤，蕊珠标格，消尽人间暑。还忧风日，曲屏罗幕遮护。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
持二十五轮顶弥陀蹈莲叶赞
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
释慧开
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
机轮才转，作者犹迷。顶
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
送李志宁归省
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
程通
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
孝子别成均，南归楚水滨。檐头缃帙旧，庭下綵衣新。
去路江梅馥，来时禁柳青。都门频送客，我亦倍思亲。