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《醉中感怀》鉴赏_陆游作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网
首页 > 诗文 > 醉中感怀 > 鉴赏

《醉中感怀》鉴赏

原文

早岁君王记姓名,只今憔悴客边城。

青衫犹是鵷行旧,白发新从剑外生。

古戍旌旗秋惨淡,高城刁斗夜分明。

壮心未许全消尽,醉听檀槽出塞声。

赏析

  诗的一、二句于今昔变化之中自然流露出“感怀”之意,意犹未足,于是再申两句——“青衫犹是鸩行旧,白发新从剑外生”。“青衫”,唐代八、九品文官的服色,宋代因袭唐制。陆游早年在朝廷任大理司直、枢密院编修官,都是正八品,所以说“青衫”。“鹓行”,又称鹓鹭,因二鸟群飞有序,喻指朝官的行列。这句诗的意思是说,身上穿的还是旧日“青衫”,那也就含有久沉下僚的感叹。“剑外”,指剑阁以南的蜀中地区,此处即代指当时陆游宦游的成都、嘉州等处。青衫依旧,白发新生,形象真切,自成对偶。同时,第三句又回应了第一句,第四句又补充了第二句,怀旧伤今,抚今追昔,回肠千转,唱叹有情,所以卢世灌说“三、四无限感慨”(《唐宋诗醇》引),倒是颇能发掘诗意的。

  诗的前四句从叙事中写自己的遭遇和感慨,五、六两句转为写景——秋天,古堡上的旌旗在秋风中飘拂,笼罩着阴郁惨淡的气氛;夜深了,城头上巡更的刁斗声清晰可闻。这显然是一个战士的眼中之景,心中之情。“鬓虽残,心未死”(《夜游宫·记梦寄师伯浑》),古戍旌旗,高城刁斗,无不唤起他对南郑军中戎马生涯的怀念和向往。这一联虽是写景,却是诗中承上启下的枢纽,所以接着便说“壮心未许全消尽,醉听檀槽出塞声”。檀槽,用檀木做的琵琶、琴等弦乐器上架弦的格子,诗中常用以代指乐器。《出塞》,汉乐府《横吹曲》名,本是西域军乐,声调雄壮,内容多写边塞将士军中生活。诗人壮心虽在,欲试无由,惟有寄托于歌酒之中。尾联两句再经这么一层转折,就更深刻地反映了他那无可奈何的处境及其愤激不平的心情,也刻画出诗人坚贞倔强的性格。

  全诗跌宕淋漓,有余不尽之意,体现诗人七律造诣之深。

陆游简介

唐代·陆游的简介


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陆游


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陆游(1125—1210),字务观,号放翁。汉族,越州山阴(今浙江绍兴)人,南宋著名诗人。少时受家庭爱国思想熏陶,高宗时应礼部试,为秦桧所黜。孝宗时赐进士出身。中年入蜀,投身军旅生活,官至宝章阁待制。晚年退居家乡。创作诗歌今存九千多首,内容极为丰富。著有《剑南诗稿》、《渭南文集》、《南唐书》、《老学庵笔记》等。

...〔 〕