《水调歌头·落日塞垣路》翻译及注释
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宋代：黄庭坚
落日塞垣路，风劲戛貂裘。翩翩数骑闲猎，深入黑山头。极目平沙千里，惟见雕弓白羽，铁面骏骅骝。隐隐望青冢，特地起闲愁。
译文：塞外的太阳已经落下了，狂风呼啸地袭卷着人们身着的战袍。几位兵士带着弓箭，策马深入黑山头。极目远眺，茫茫千里黄沙，一望无际，空旷的天地里只有几位行猎的好手携雕弓，佩白羽，表情严肃，如风驰电掣般策马飞奔。隐隐约约竟仿佛望见了夜色里的昭君陵，心里波澜起伏。
注释：塞垣：边防城池。戛：敲击。翩翩：轻快地来往奔驰。黑山：在今内蒙古自治区和林格尔西北。极目：放眼，一眼望不到边。雕弓：古代雕、雕相通，雕弓，可以解释为射雕的弓，也可以说是雕刻过花纹的弓，这里与白羽并列恐为后者。白羽：尾部缠有白色羽毛的箭。铁面：战马所带铁制面具，用以保护马的头部。骏：对好马的美称。骅骝，周穆王的八骏之一，这里代指强壮快速的骏马。青冢：汉王昭君墓。冢：隆起的坟墓。特地：特别。
汉天子，方鼎盛，四百州。玉颜皓齿，深锁三十六宫秋。堂有经纶贤相，边有纵横谋将，不减翠蛾羞。戎虏和乐也，圣主永无忧。
译文：汉家天子正当青春年盛，汉家天下幅员辽阔，洋洋四百州，民殷国富。然而，天子竟不能凭借实力巩固国防，靠一位苦命的宫女去“和蕃”。朝堂上不是没有经天纬地的奇才，边境上更不缺少镇守一方的良将，可“和蕃”一事还是照例进行，将天下社稷的安危托付于一女子之手，这是多么可悲的事？如今边疆地区太平、和睦，皇上也可以高枕无忧了。
注释：汉天子：指汉元帝，是他遣王昭君嫁给匈奴。方鼎盛：正当富强兴盛的时候。四百州：汉代州的范围很大，全国才只有十几个州。玉颜：美玉一样的容貌。皓齿：洁白的牙齿。玉颜皓齿代指美丽的宫女们。深锁三十六宫秋：被关在深宫里度过凄凉的春秋。汉有36所离宫别馆。秋是凄凉冷寞的象征。堂：古代宫廷，前为堂，后为室。堂即庙堂朝堂，引申为朝廷。经纶：整理丝缕，引申为处理国家大事。贤相：品德好、才能强的宰相。边：边防前线。纵横谋将：智勇双全的将军。翠娥：黛眉，指王昭君。羞：蒙受远嫁匈奴的耻辱。戎：古代对西北方面的少数民族统称为戎。这里指匈奴。虏：对敌人的蔑称。圣主：对皇帝美化的称呼。
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贺铸《
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问歌颦（雨中花令）》
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辛弃疾《
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贺新郎》
黄庭坚简介
唐代·黄庭坚的简介
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黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。