《牡丹芳》翻译及注释
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唐代：白居易
牡丹芳，牡丹芳，黄金蕊绽红玉房。
译文：牡丹芳香啊牡丹芳香，黄金的花蕊开绽在红玉的花房；
注释：绽：裂开。此指花开。红玉房：指红牡丹花瓣。
千片赤英霞烂烂，百枝绛点灯煌煌。
译文：几千片花瓣赤霞似的灿烂，几百枝花朵绛烛似的辉煌。
注释：英：花瓣。灿灿：光彩鲜明耀眼。绛：深红色。煌煌：光辉灿烂的样子。
照地初开锦绣段，当风不结兰麝囊。
译文：照地生辉，刚展开锦绣的身段，迎风飘香，却没带兰麝的香囊。
注释：兰麝囊：装着兰草、麝香等香料的香囊。
仙人琪树白无色，王母桃花小不香。
译文：仙人的琪树，被比得苍白无色，王母的桃花，也显得细小不香。
注释：琪树：神话中的玉树。
宿露轻盈泛紫艳，朝阳照耀生红光。
译文：宿露浸润，泛起紫闪闪的奇艳，朝阳照耀，放出红灿灿的异光；
红紫二色间深浅，向背万态随低昂。
译文：红紫深浅，呈现着不同的色调，向背低昂，变幻出无数的形状。
注释：间：更迭。随：任凭。
映叶多情隐羞面，卧丛无力含醉妆。
译文：无力地卧在花丛，将息带醉的身躯，多情地映着花叶，隐藏含羞的面庞。
低娇笑容疑掩口，凝思怨人如断肠。
译文：娇生生的笑容，仿佛想掩住香口，怨悠悠的情怀，好像在撕裂柔肠。
浓姿贵彩信奇绝，杂卉乱花无比方。
译文：称姿贵彩，的确是超凡绝俗，杂卉乱花，哪里能比美争芳。
注释：比方：比较。
石竹金钱何细碎，芙蓉芍药苦寻常。
译文：石竹、金钱，固然是十分细碎，芙蓉、芍药，也不过那么平常。
注释：石竹：草名，开红白小花如铜钱大小。芙蓉：荷花。芍药：观赏植物名，花大而美。寻常：平常，平凡。
遂使王公与卿士，游花冠盖日相望。
译文：于是乎引动了王公卿相，冠盖相接地赶来观赏；
注释：王公与卿士：古时封爵，有王，有公，又论品阶又有卿、大夫、士。游花：外出赏花。冠盖：帽子与车上的帷盖。此朝中的达官贵人。
庳车软舆贵公主，香衫细马豪家郎。
译文：还有轻车软轿的贵族公主，和那香衫细马的豪家。
注释：庳车：指一种轻便灵巧的车子。软舆：软座轿子。细马：良马。
卫公宅静闭东院，西明寺深开北廊。
译文：寂静的卫公宅闭了东院，幽深的西明寺开放北廊。
注释：卫公宅：唐李靖封卫国公，其宅多植花木。西明寺：唐时玩赏牡丹的胜地。
戏蝶双舞看人久，残莺一声春日长。
译文：双双舞蝶殷殷地陪伴看客，声声残莺苦苦地挽留春光。
共愁日照芳难驻，仍张帷幕垂阴凉。
译文：担心太阳晒损娇姿，张起帷幕遮取阴凉。
花开花落二十日，一城之人皆若狂。
译文：花开花落，二十来天，满城的人们都像发狂。
三代以还文胜质，人心重华不重实。
译文：三代以后文采胜过实质，一般人都重华而不重实；
注释：三代：这里指夏、商、周。文胜质：此处意为人们喜尚文采胜过了喜爱事物质朴的本性。
重华直至牡丹芳，其来有渐非今日。
译文：重华直重到牡丹的芳菲，由来已久，并非始于今日。
注释：有渐：有所加剧。
元和天子忧农桑，恤下动天天降祥。
译文：元和皇帝很关心农桑，由于他体恤下民，天降吉祥。
注释：元和天子：指唐宪宗李纯。恤下：抚恤下民。动天，感动了上天。
去岁嘉禾生九穗，田中寂寞无人至。
译文：去年的嘉禾长出九穗，田中寂寞，没有人理睬。
今年瑞麦分两岐，君心独喜无人知。
译文：今年的麦子分出两枝，但是这些却无人知晓，唯独天子一个人内心感到喜悦。
无人知，可叹息。
译文：天降吉祥，没人理会真叫人叹息。
我愿暂求造化力，减却牡丹妖艳色。
译文：我愿暂求掌握造化的主宰者，减却牡丹妖艳的颜色，
注释：造化：大自然。
少回卿士爱花心，同似吾君忧稼穑。
译文：冷却一下卿士们爱花的心情，都象天子一样关心农业生产，人民就都得到幸福了。
注释：卿士：古官阶有公、卿、大夫、士。这里泛指朝中官员。稼穑：指农事。
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李白《
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妾薄命》
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韩愈《
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青青水中蒲二首》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。