《酬朱监纪四辅》翻译及注释
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清代：顾炎武
十载江南事已非，与君辛苦各生归。
译文：故国已经远去十年了，处处物是人非，我和你辛苦遭逢，艰难生存在现今。
注释：朱监纪四辅：朱四辅，明末秀才，在明时曾任监纪推官、监纪提刑，为诗人友人。十载：指明亡已去十年。
愁看京口三军溃，痛说扬州十日围。
译文：我想起京口三军溃败就愁闷，想起扬州血洗十日便内心万分悲苦。
注释：扬州十日：指明亡后顺治二年（1645）四月，清兵攻破扬州，在扬州城里大肆屠杀淫掠的时候，有一个市民王秀楚躲在空屋中，活了下来。他把他在清兵破城前后十余日中目睹之事，一一写出，为《扬州十日记》。
碧血未消今战垒，白头相见旧征衣。
译文：死国难的烈士们血洒疆场，那段历史不可遽消，而此刻不得不面对白头早衰了。
注释：碧血：碧是一种青绿色的美石，玉类。后常用以称颂为国死难的人。
东京朱祜年犹少，莫向尊前叹式微。
译文：你要学汉时朱祜，不要消沉与哀叹。
注释：朱祜：东汉名将，曾举兵平定延岑残党，防备匈奴。后拜建武大将军，封鬲侯。式微：先秦时代民歌。
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刘辰翁《
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摸鱼儿·酒边留同年徐云屋》
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段克己《
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满江红·过汴梁故宫城》
顾炎武简介
唐代·顾炎武的简介
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顾炎武（1613.7.15-1682.2.15），汉族，明朝南直隶苏州府昆山（今江苏省昆山市）千灯镇人，本名绛，乳名藩汉，别名继坤、圭年，字忠清、宁人，亦自署蒋山佣；南都败后，因为仰慕文天祥学生王炎午的为人，改名炎武。因故居旁有亭林湖，学者尊为亭林先生。明末清初的杰出的思想家、经学家、史地学家和音韵学家，与黄宗羲、王夫之并称为明末清初“三大儒”。其主要作品有《日知录》、《天下郡国利病书》、《肇域志》、《音学五书》、《韵补正》、《古音表》、《诗本音》、《唐韵正》、《音论》、《金石文字记》、《亭林诗文集》等。