《满江红·过汴梁故宫城》翻译及注释
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宋代:段克己
塞马南来,五陵草树无颜色。云气黯,鼓鼙声震,天穿地裂。百二河山俱失险,将军束手无筹策。渐烟尘、飞度九重城,蒙金阙。
译文:塞外的元兵,奔驰南下;长安五陵旁的树木都失去了颜色,云雾阴沉地笼罩者,军鼓的声音震耳欲聋,似要穿裂天地。险固的河山均被一一攻破,守将们束手无策。渐渐战争的烽烟,直弥漫到了京都的上空,笼罩在了宫殿之上。
注释:满江红:词牌名,始为《上江虹》,原为吴民祭祀河神的迎神之曲,双调九十三字,有平韵、仄韵两体。塞马:同赛(saì)马,塞外的骑兵。指元军。五陵:长安北有汉代五个皇帝的陵墓,即长陵、安陵、阳陵、茂陵、平陵。这里用来指北宋、金都城汴梁。鼓鼙:鼓,大骨;鼙,小鼓;鼓鼙指大鼓和小鼓。古代军中常用的乐器。百二河山:形容山川形势险固。古人称函谷关之险,二万人可以抵挡一百万。筹策:计谋策划。烟尘:战争的烽烟。九重城:指京都。蒙金阙:笼罩在宫殿之上。比喻国家灭亡。金阙,宫阙。
长戈袅,飞鸟绝。原厌肉,川流血。叹人生此际,动成长别。回首玉津春色早,雕栏犹挂当时月,更西来、流水绕城根,空呜咽。
译文:挥动着长戈,战场上连飞鸟都灭绝了;原野上堆满了尸体,山川在流血。悲叹人生的这个时候,动不动就会亲人、朋友间彼此永别。回头看那开封城外的玉津园,春天刚刚来到,雕花的栏杆犹挂着一轮新月。更有那西来的流水环绕着城墙,独自悲怆地呜咽着。
注释:长戈袅:挥动长戈。戈,古代兵器。袅,摇曳。原厌肉:厌同原野上堆满了尸体。厌,通“餍”(yàn),饱足。动成长别:动辄就会彼此永别。玉津:园名,在开封南门外。雕栏:雕花的栏干。
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顾炎武《
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酬朱监纪四辅》
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李峤《
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书》
段克己简介
唐代·段克己的简介
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段克己(1196~1254)金代文学家。字复之,号遁庵,别号菊庄。绛州稷山(今山西稷山)人。早年与弟成己并负才名,赵秉文目之为“二妙”,大书“双飞”二字名其居里。哀宗时与其弟段成己先后中进士,但入仕无门,在山村过着闲居生活。金亡,避乱龙门山中(今山西河津黄河边),时人赞为“儒林标榜”。蒙古汗国时期,与友人遨游山水,结社赋诗,自得其乐。元宪宗四年卒,年五十九。工于词曲,有《遁斋乐府》。