《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》翻译及注释
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唐代：刘禹锡
巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。
译文：巴山楚水凄凉之地，二十三年默默谪居。
注释：巴山楚水：刘禹锡被贬后，迁徙于朗州、连州、夔州、和州等边远地区，这里用“巴山楚水”泛指这些地方。二十三年：从唐顺宗永贞元年（805年）刘禹锡被贬为连州刺史，至宝历二年（826）冬应召，约22年。因贬地离京遥远，实际上到第二年才能回到京城，所以说23年。弃置身：指遭受贬谪的诗人自己。置：放置。弃置：贬谪（zhé）。
怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。
译文：回来物是人非，我像烂柯之人，只能吹笛赋诗，空自惆怅不已。
注释：怀旧：怀念故友。吟：吟唱。闻笛赋：指西晋向秀的《思旧赋》。刘禹锡借用这个典故怀念已死去的王叔文、柳宗元等人。到：到达。翻似：倒好像。翻：副词，反而。烂柯人：指晋人王质。刘禹锡也借这个故事表达世事沧桑，人事全非，暮年返乡恍如隔世的心情。
沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。
译文：沉舟侧畔，千帆竞发；病树前头，万木逢春。
注释：沉舟：这是诗人以沉舟、病树自比。侧畔：旁边。
今日听君歌一曲，暂凭杯酒长精神。
译文：今日听你高歌一曲，暂借杯酒振作精神。
注释：歌一曲：指白居易的《醉赠刘二十八使君》。长精神：振作精神。长：增长，振作。
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李白《
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闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》
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张养浩《
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山坡羊·骊山怀古》
刘禹锡简介
唐代·刘禹锡的简介
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刘禹锡（772－842），字梦得，汉族，中国唐朝彭城（今徐州）人，祖籍洛阳，唐朝文学家，哲学家，自称是汉中山靖王后裔，曾任监察御史，是王叔文政治改革集团的一员。唐代中晚期著名诗人，有“诗豪”之称。他的家庭是一个世代以儒学相传的书香门第。政治上主张革新，是王叔文派政治革新活动的中心人物之一。后来永贞革新失败被贬为朗州司马（今湖南常德）。据湖南常德历史学家、收藏家周新国先生考证刘禹锡被贬为朗州司马其间写了著名的“汉寿城春望”。