《两小儿辩日》翻译及注释
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先秦:列御寇
孔子东游,见两小儿辩日,问其故。(辩日一作:辩斗)
译文:孔子向东游历,见到两个小孩在争辩,就问他们在争辩的原因。
注释:东:东方。游:游历、游学。见:看见。辩斗:辩论,争论.辩:争。其:代词,他们。故:缘故,原因。
一儿曰:“我以日始出时去人近,而日中时远也。”
译文:一个小孩子说:“我认为太阳刚刚升起的时候距离人近,而正午的时候距离人远。”
注释:以:认为。始:刚刚,才。去:离;距离。日中:正午。
一儿以日初出远,而日中时近也。
译文:另一个小孩子认为太阳刚刚升起的时候距离人比较远,而正午的时候距离人比较近。
注释:初:刚刚。
一儿曰:“日初出大如车盖,及日中则如盘盂,此不为远者小而近者大乎?”
译文:一个小孩儿说:“太阳刚出时像车的车盖一样大,到了中午时就如同盘子一般小了,这不是远小近大的道理吗?”
注释:车盖:古时车上的篷盖,像雨伞一样,呈圆形。及:到。则:就。盘盂:盛物的器皿。圆者为盘,方者为盂。为:是。
一儿曰:“日初出沧沧凉凉,及其日中如探汤,此不为近者热而远者凉乎?”
译文:另一个小孩儿说:“太阳刚出来时凉爽,到了中午的时候热得如同把手伸进热水中,这不是近的就感觉热,而远就觉得凉的道理吗?”
注释:沧沧凉凉:形容清凉的感觉。沧沧:寒冷的意思。探汤:把手伸向热水里。汤,热水,开水。(古时还特指沐浴时用的热水。)在文中的意思是天气很热。
孔子不能决也。
译文:孔子听了之后不能判断他们俩谁对谁错。
注释:决:决断,判定,判断。
两小儿笑曰:“孰为汝多知乎?”
译文:两个小孩子笑着对孔子说:“是谁说你智慧多呢?”
注释:孰:谁。为:同“谓”,说,认为。汝:你。知:zhì,通假字。“知”通“智”聪明、智慧。笑:在这里不是嘲笑,在这里突出了孩子们的天真可爱沧沧凉凉:形容清凉而略带寒意。
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周密《
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观潮》
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吴均《
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与朱元思书》
列御寇简介
唐代·列御寇的简介
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列御寇,名寇,又名御寇(又称“圄寇”“国寇”),相传是战国前期的道家人,郑国人,与郑缪公同时。其学本于黄帝老子,主张清静无为。后汉班固《艺文志》“道家”部分有《列子》八卷,早已散失。