《王孙满对楚子》翻译及注释
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先秦：左丘明
楚子伐陆浑之戎，遂至于雒，观兵于周疆。定王使王孙满劳楚子。楚子问鼎之大小轻重焉。
译文： 楚王攻打陆浑戎人，于是到了雒水，在周朝边境上炫耀武力。周定王派王孙满慰劳楚王。楚王问到周王室的九鼎的大小轻重。 对曰：“在德不在鼎。昔夏之方有德也，远方图物，贡金九牧，铸鼎象物，百物而为之备，使民知神奸。故民入川泽山林，不逢不若。螭魅罔两，莫能逢之。用能协于上下，以承天休。桀有昏德，鼎迁于商，载祀六百。商纣暴虐，鼎迁于周。德之休明，虽小，重也。其奸回昏乱，虽大，轻也。天祚明德，有所止。
注释： 王孙满：周大夫，周共王的玄孙。对：回答。楚子：楚庄王，公元前613年至前591年在位。陆浑之戎：古戎人的一支。也叫允姓之戎。原在秦晋的西北，春秋时，被秦晋诱迫，迁到伊川（今河南伊河流域），周景王二十年（公元前525年）为晋所并。雒：指雒水，今作洛水。发源于陕西，经河南流入黄河。观兵：检阅军队以显示军威。疆：边境。定王：襄王的孙子，名瑜，周朝第二十一位王，公元前606年至前586年在位。劳：慰劳。
成王定鼎于郏鄏，卜世三十，卜年七百，天所命也。周德虽衰，天命未改。鼎之轻重，未可问也。
译文：” 王孙满回答说：“统治天下在于道德，不在于鼎。从前夏朝正在实行德政的时候，远方各地把各种奇异东西都画成图象，九州贡献出金属，铸成九鼎，把画下来的各种东西的图象铸在鼎上，鼎上面有各种东西的图象，教人民知道神物和怪异。所以人民进入川泽山林，不会碰到对自己不利的东西。螭魅罔两这些妖怪都不会遇到。因此能够上下和协，受到上天的保佑。夏桀昏乱，鼎迁到商朝，前后六百年。商纣暴虐，鼎又迁到周朝。天子德行美善光明，鼎虽然小，也是重的。如果奸邪昏乱，鼎虽然大，也是轻的。上天赐福给有美德的人，是有一定极限的。成王把九鼎放在郏鄏，曾经占卜过，可以传世三十代，享国七百年，这是上天所命令的。今天周朝的德行虽然衰减了，可天命还没有改变。九鼎的轻重，是不能问的。
注释：天祚(zuò)明德，有所止。
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柳宗元《
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梓人传》
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左丘明《
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王孙满对楚子》
左丘明简介
唐代·左丘明的简介
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丘明（姓姜，氏丘，名明），华夏人，生于前502年，死于前422年，享年80岁。丘穆公吕印的后代。本名丘明，因其先祖曾任楚国的左史官，故在姓前添“左”字，故称左史官丘明先生，世称“左丘明”，后为鲁国太史 。左氏世为鲁国太史，至丘明则约与孔子（前551-479）同时，而年辈稍晚。他是当时著名史家、学者与思想家，著有《春秋左氏传》、《国语》等。他左丘明的最重要贡献在于其所著《春秋左氏传》与《国语》二书。左氏家族世为太史，左丘明又与孔子一起“如周，观书于周史”，故熟悉诸国史事，并深刻理解孔子思想。