《景帝令二千石修职诏》翻译及注释
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两汉：刘启
雕文刻镂，伤农事者也；锦绣纂组，害女红者也。农事伤，则饥之本也；女红害，则寒之原也。夫饥寒并至，而能无为非者寡矣。朕亲耕，后亲桑，以奉宗庙粢盛祭服，为天下先。不受献，减太官，省繇赋，欲天下务农蚕，素有畜积，以备灾害；强毋攘弱，众毋暴寡，老耆以寿终，幼孤得遂长。今岁或不登，民食颇寡，其咎安在？或诈伪为吏，吏以货赂为市，渔夺百姓，侵牟万民。县丞，长吏也，奸法与盗盗，甚无谓也！其令二千石修其职！不事官职耗乱者，丞相以闻，请其罪。布告天下，使明知朕意！
译文： 在器物上雕镂花纹图形，是损害农业生产的事；编织精致华丽的丝带，是伤害女工的事。农业生产受到损害，就是饥饿的根原；女工受到伤害，就是受冻产生的根原。饥寒同时出现，而能不做坏事的人是很少的。我亲自耕种田地，皇后亲自种桑养蚕，为的是给祭祀祖庙时提供谷物和祭服，为天下人民作个先导。我不接受进献的物品，减少膳食，减少老百姓的徭役赋税，是要天下人民努力种田和养蚕，平时就有积蓄，用来防备灾害。要使强大的不要侵犯弱小的，人多的不要欺凌人少的；使老人能长寿而终其天年，小孩和孤儿们能顺利地成长。今年收成不好，人民的口粮很少，原因在哪里呢？是不是有些奸诈虚伪的人担任了官职，官吏用财物作交易，掠夺百姓，侵害人民？县丞，是县吏中的首领，他们借着执法的机会做坏事，助盗为盗，这样实在是失去了朝廷设置县丞的用意。命令郡守们各自严格履行自己的职责，对于不忠于职守、昏昧不明的郡守，丞相把他们的情况报告我，要请求治他们的罪。特把这道命令宣告天下，让大家明确知道我的意图。
注释： 雕文刻镂：指在器物上雕刻文采。镂：雕刻。纂组︰赤色丝带。纂，音“转”。女红︰女工，指采桑、养蚕、织衣。为非︰做坏事。粢盛：古时盛在祭器内以供祭祀的谷物。太官︰管理皇帝饮食的官。繇赋︰徭役、赋税。畜积︰蓄积。耆：古称六十岁。遂长︰成长。侵牟︰剥削、侵蚀。牟，害虫也。县丞︰县令之佐，属吏之长。奸法︰因法作奸。与盗盗︰和强盗一同抢夺。无谓︰没有道理。耗乱：昏乱不明。请︰定。
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苏轼《
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超然台记》
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左丘明《
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季梁谏追楚师》
刘启简介
唐代·刘启的简介
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汉景帝刘启（公元前188年—公元前141年），是汉文帝刘恒的长子，母亲是汉文帝皇后窦氏（即窦太后），出生于代地中都（今山西平遥县西南）。西汉第六位皇帝，在位16年，谥号孝景皇帝，无庙号。终年48岁。刘启在位期间，削诸侯封地，平定七国之乱，巩固中央集权，勤俭治国，发展生产，他统治时期与其父汉文帝统治时期合称为文景之治。