《齐桓下拜受胙》翻译及注释
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先秦：左丘明
夏，会于葵丘，寻盟，且修好，礼也。
译文： 夏天，齐桓公在葵丘与各国诸侯聚会，为的是重申原来的盟誓，使大家更加和好。这是合乎礼的。
注释： 葵丘：宋国地名，在今河南兰考。一说在民权县东北。当时齐桓公与宋襄公、鲁僖公、卫文公、郑文公、许僖公、曹共公在葵丘相会。寻盟：重温旧盟。齐桓公曾在曹国的洮会合过鲁、宋等诸侯，故称“寻盟”。寻，通“爝（jué）”，把冷了的东西重新温一温，引申为重续或重温。盟，在神前立誓缔约。
王使宰孔赐齐侯胙，曰：“天子有事于文武，使孔赐伯舅胙。”齐侯将下拜。孔曰：“且有后命。天子使孔曰：‘以伯舅耋老，加劳，赐一级，无下拜!”’对曰：“天威不违颜咫尺，小白余敢贪天子之命‘无下拜’!恐陨越于下，以遗天子羞，敢不下拜？”下，拜，登，受。
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左丘明《
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子产告范宣子轻币》
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欧阳修《
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朋党论》
左丘明简介
唐代·左丘明的简介
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丘明（姓姜，氏丘，名明），华夏人，生于前502年，死于前422年，享年80岁。丘穆公吕印的后代。本名丘明，因其先祖曾任楚国的左史官，故在姓前添“左”字，故称左史官丘明先生，世称“左丘明”，后为鲁国太史 。左氏世为鲁国太史，至丘明则约与孔子（前551-479）同时，而年辈稍晚。他是当时著名史家、学者与思想家，著有《春秋左氏传》、《国语》等。他左丘明的最重要贡献在于其所著《春秋左氏传》与《国语》二书。左氏家族世为太史，左丘明又与孔子一起“如周，观书于周史”，故熟悉诸国史事，并深刻理解孔子思想。