《严先生祠堂记》翻译及注释
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宋代：范仲淹
先生，汉光武之故人也。相尚以道。及帝握《赤符》，乘六龙，得圣人之时，臣妾亿兆，天下孰加焉？惟先生以节高之。既而动星象，归江湖，得圣人之清。泥涂轩冕，天下孰加焉？惟光武以礼下之。
译文： 严先生是光武帝的老朋友，他们之间以道义互相推崇。后来光武帝得到预言天命所归的《赤伏符》，乘驾着六龙的阳气，获得了登极称帝的时机。那时他统治着千千万万的人民，天下有谁能比得上呢？只有先生能够以节操方面来尊崇他。后来先生与光武帝同床而卧触动了天上的星象，后来又归隐江湖，回到富春江畔隐居，清操自守，鄙弃禄位，达到了圣人自然清静的境界。先生视官爵为泥土，天下又有谁比得上呢？只有光武帝能够用礼节对待他。
注释： 先生：指严光。赤符：《赤伏符》，新莽末年谶纬家所造符箓，谓刘秀上应天命，当继汉统为帝。后亦泛指帝王受命的符瑞。
在《蛊》之上九，众方有为，而独“不事王侯，高尚其事”，先生以之。在《屯》之初九，阳德方亨，而能“以贵下贱，大得民也”，光武以之。盖先生之心，出乎日月之上；光武之量，包乎天地之外。微先生，不能成光武之大，微光武，岂能遂先生之高哉？而使贪夫廉，懦夫立，是大有功于名教也。
译文： 在《盅》卦的“上九”爻(yao)辞中说，“大家正当有为的时候，偏偏显示不事奉王侯，保持自己品德的高尚。”先生正是这样做的。在《屯》卦的：“初九”爻辞中说，阳气（帝德）正开始亨通，因而能够显示“以高贵的身份交结卑贱的人，深得民心。”光武帝正是这样做的。可以说先生的品质，比日月还高；光武帝的气量比天地还广阔。如果不是先生就不能成就光武帝的气量的宏大；如果不是光武帝，又怎能促成先生品质的崇高呢？先生的作为使贪婪的人清廉起来，胆怯的人勇敢起来，这对维护礼仪教化确实是很有功劳的。
注释： 蛊：六十四卦之一。上九：九爻。屯：六十四卦之一。复：复除徭役臣妾：原指男女奴隶，这里引申为被统治的人民。亿兆：古代以十万为亿，十亿为兆。
仲淹来守是邦，始构堂而奠焉，乃复为其后者四家，以奉祠事。又从而歌曰∶“云山苍苍，江水泱泱，先生之风，山高水长！”
译文： 我到这个州任职后，开始建造祠堂来祭奠先生，又免除了先生四家后裔的徭役，让他们负责祭祀的事情。从而又作了一首歌：云雾缭绕的高山，郁郁苍苍，大江的水浩浩荡荡，先生的品德啊，比高山还高，比长江还长。
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王守仁《
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瘗旅文》
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佚名《
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鲁共公择言》
范仲淹简介
唐代·范仲淹的简介
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范仲淹（989－1052年），字希文，汉族，北宋著名的政治家、思想家、军事家、文学家，世称“范文正公”。范仲淹文学素养很高，写有著名的《岳阳楼记》。