《箕子碑》翻译及注释
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 88
唐代：柳宗元
凡大人之道有三：一曰正蒙难，二曰法授圣，三曰化及民。殷有仁人曰箕子，实具兹道以立于世，故孔子述六经之旨，尤殷勤焉。
译文： 一般说来，伟大人物立身处世的原则有三个方面：一是受危难仍能保持正直的品德；二是将治理天下的法典传授给圣明的君主；三是使人民受到教化。殷朝有位贤人叫箕子，确实具备这三方面的德行而在世上立身行事，因此孔子在概述“六经”的要旨的时候，对他特别重视。
注释： 箕子：名胥余，商纣王叔父，因封在箕地，又称箕子。
当纣之时，大道悖乱，天威之动不能戒，圣人之言无所用。进死以并命，诚仁矣，无益吾祀，故不为。委身以存祀，诚仁矣，与亡吾国，故不忍。具是二道，有行之者矣。是用保其明哲，与之俯仰；晦是谟范，辱于囚奴；昏而无邪，隤而不息；故在易曰“箕子之明夷”，正蒙难也。及天命既改，生人以正，乃出大法，用为圣师。周人得以序彝伦而立大典；故在书曰“以箕子归作《洪范》”，法授圣也。及封朝鲜，推道训俗，惟德无陋，惟人无远，用广殷祀，俾夷为华，化及民也。率是大道，丛于厥躬，天地变化，我得其正，其大人欤？
译文： 在殷纣王那时候，大道背弃，政治混乱，天威显示不能加以制止，圣人的教诲毫不起作用。牺牲生命以便维护天命国运，确实是一种“仁”德，只是不利于家族的延续，因此箕子不去这样做；委身降顺以便保存自己宗庙的奉祀，确实也是一种“仁”德，只是参与灭亡自己的国家，故而他也不忍心去做。上述这两种办法，已经有这样做的人了。因此他便保持自己清醒的头脑，随顺适应这混乱的世道；隐藏自己的见解和主张，在囚犯奴隶中受屈辱；貌似糊涂却不去做邪恶之事，形同柔弱而却自强不息。故而在《易》中说；“箕子能做到韬晦。”这就是蒙受危难而能保持正直的品德啊。等到天命更改了，人民得到了公正和安定，于是便献出治国的大法，因此成为圣君的老师，使周朝的人们能根据这些法则来调整伦理道德。创立典章制度。故而在《书经》中说：“因召回了箕子而写成了《洪范》。”这便是将治理天下的法则传授给圣明的君主啊。等到被封在朝鲜，推行道义来训化民俗，使德行不再鄙陋，人民不再疏远，以便发展推延殷朝宗绪，使外夷变为华夏，这便是使人民受到教化啊！所有这些崇高的品德，都集中在他的身上，天地变化发展，自己能获得其中的正“道”，难道不是伟大的人吗？
注释： 谟：谋划。范：法，原则。隤（tuí）：跌倒。明夷：卦名，象征暗君在上、明臣在下，明臣隐藏起自己的智慧。彝（yí）：常规。伦：人伦。《洪范》：相传为禹时的文献，箕子增订并献给周武王。
呜乎！当其周时未至，殷祀未殄，比干已死，微子已去，向使纣恶未稔而自毙，武庚念乱以图存，国无其人，谁与兴理？是固人事之或然者也。然则先生隐忍而为此，其有志于斯乎？
译文： 啊！当那周朝的时运尚未到来，殷朝宗庙的香火还没灭绝，比干已经死掉，微子也已离去，假如纣正做恶还不算多而自己死去，武庚能为暴乱而忧虑并力图保存社稷，国中要是没有箕于这样的人，谁和武庚一起使国家复兴并加以治理呢？这也是人事发展的一种可能性啊。这样来看箕子能忍辱含屈到这种地步，莫非正是在这方面有所考虑吗？
注释： 殄：灭绝。向使：如果。未稔：没成熟，没达到顶点。武庚：名禄父，纣王子。周武王灭商，封武庚以存殷祀。武王死，武庚与管叔蔡叔反叛被杀。
唐某年，作庙汲郡，岁时致祀，嘉先生独列于易象，作是颂云：
译文： 唐朝的某一年，在汲郡修建了箕子的庙宇，逢年遇节便祭祀他。我敬慕先生被特别地列为《易经》中的卦“象”，便写了这篇颂：
注释： 颂：即从“蒙难以正”至结束“继在后儒”处，《古文观止》未录“颂”。
蒙难以正，授圣以谟。宗祀用繁，夷民其苏。宪宪大人，显晦不渝。圣人之仁，道合隆污。明哲在躬，不陋为奴。冲让居礼，不盈称孤。高而无危，卑不可逾。非死非去，有怀故都。时诎而伸，卒为世模。易象是列，文王为徒。大明宣昭，崇祀式孚。古阙颂辞，继在后儒。
译文： 蒙难以正。授圣以谟。宗祀用繁。夷民其苏。宪宪大人。显晦不渝。圣人之仁。道合隆污。明哲在躬。不陋为奴。冲让居礼。不盈称孤。高而无危。卑不可逾。非死非去。有怀故都。时诎而伸。卒为世模。《易》象是列。文王为徒。大明宣昭。崇祀式孚。古阙颂辞。继在后儒。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 134
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 143
贾谊《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 143
治安策》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 158
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 167
左丘明《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 167
子鱼论战》
柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 187
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 188
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 188
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 188
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext11.php on line 193
柳宗元（773年－819年），字子厚，唐代河东（今山西运城）人，杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家，唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章，经后人辑为三十卷，名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人，人称柳河东，又因终于柳州刺史任上，又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物，并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上，其诗、文成就均极为杰出，可谓一时难分轩轾。