《辨奸论》翻译及注释
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宋代：苏洵
事有必至，理有固然。惟天下之静者，乃能见微而知著。月晕而风，础润而雨，人人知之。人事之推移，理势之相因，其疏阔而难知，变化而不可测者，孰与天地阴阳之事。而贤者有不知，其故何也？好恶乱其中，而利害夺其外也!
译文： 事情的发展有必然如此的原因，情理有原本如此的根源。只有天下最冷静的有修养的人，才能从细微的变化中预知发展的结果。月亮周围起晕，将要刮风，屋柱石础返潮，将要下雨，这是人人皆知的事情。人世间事情的发展变化，道理情势的相互因循，其空疏难知、变化莫测的程度，怎能与天地阴阳之事相比呢？而贤能的人也有不知道的，那是什么缘故呢？是爱憎的感情扰乱了他们的思想，利害得失的考虑影响了他们的行为。
注释： 静者：指能够冷静地观察周围事物而做出合理结论的贤人。天地阴阳之事：指自然现象。古人认为自然界有阴阳二气，二气交互发生作用，便产生了形形色色的自然变化。贤者：旧说以为是影射欧阳修。据史书记载，曾巩曾向欧阳修推荐王安石的文章，欧阳修大加赞赏，并帮助王安石考取了进士。
昔者，山巨源见王衍曰：“误天下苍生者，必此人也!”郭汾阳见卢杞曰：“此人得志。吾子孙无遗类矣!”自今而言之，其理固有可见者。以吾观之，王衍之为人，容貌言语，固有以欺世而盗名者。然不忮不求，与物浮沉。使晋无惠帝，仅得中主，虽衍百千，何从而乱天下乎？卢杞之奸，固足以败国。然而不学无文，容貌不足以动人，言语不足以眩世，非德宗之鄙暗，亦何从而用之？由是言之，二公之料二子，亦容有未必然也!
译文：吾子孙无遗类矣！”自今而言之，其理固有可见者。
注释：吾子孙无遗类矣！”自今而言之，其理固有可见者。
今有人，口诵孔、老之言，身履夷、齐之行，收召好名之士、不得志之人，相与造作言语，私立名字，以为颜渊、孟轲复出，而阴贼险狠，与人异趣。是王衍、卢杞合而为一人也。其祸岂可胜言哉？夫面垢不忘洗，衣垢不忘浣。此人之至情也。今也不然，衣臣虏之衣。食犬彘之食，囚首丧面，而谈诗书，此岂其情也哉？凡事之不近人情者，鲜不为大奸慝，竖刁、易牙、开方是也。以盖世之名，而济其未形之患。虽有愿治之主，好贤之相，犹将举而用之。则其为天下患，必然而无疑者，非特二子之比也。
孙子曰：“善用兵者，无赫赫之功。”使斯人而不用也，则吾言为过，而斯人有不遇之叹。孰知祸之至于此哉？不然。天下将被其祸，而吾获知言之名，悲夫!
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王禹偁《
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待漏院记》
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韩愈《
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送石处士序》
苏洵简介
唐代·苏洵的简介
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苏洵（1009年－1066年），字明允，汉族，眉州眉山（今属四川眉山人）。北宋文学家，与其子苏轼、苏辙合称“三苏”，均被列入“唐宋八大家”。苏洵长于散文，尤擅政论，议论明畅，笔势雄健，有《嘉祐集》传世。