《书愤五首·其一》翻译及注释
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宋代：陆游
早岁那知世事艰，中原北望气如山。
译文：年轻时就立志北伐中原，哪想到竟然是如此艰难。我常常北望那中原大地，热血沸腾啊怨气如山啊。
注释：早岁：早年，年轻时。那：即“哪”。世事艰：指抗金大业屡遭破坏。“中原”句：北望中原，收复故土的豪迈气概坚定如山。中原北望，“北望中原”的倒文。气，气概。
楼船夜雪瓜洲渡，铁马秋风大散关。
译文：记得在瓜州渡痛击金兵，雪夜里飞奔着楼船战舰。秋风中跨战马纵横驰骋，收复了大散关捷报频传。
注释：楼船：指采石之战中宋军使用的车船，又名明轮船、车轮柯。车船内部安装有以踩踏驱动的机械连接船外的明轮，依靠一组人的脚力踩踏前行。瓜洲：在今江苏邢江南长江边，与镇江隔江相对，是当时的江防要地。铁马：披着铁甲的战马。大散关：在今陕西宝鸡西南，是当时宋金的西部边界。
塞上长城空自许，镜中衰鬓已先斑。
译文：想当初我自比万里长城，立壮志为祖国扫除边患。到如今垂垂老鬓发如霜，盼北伐盼恢复都成空谈。
注释：塞上长城，比喻能守边的将领。衰鬓：年老而疏白的头发。斑：指黑发中夹杂了白发。
出师一表真名世，千载谁堪伯仲间！
译文：不由人缅怀那诸葛孔明，出师表真可谓名不虚传，有谁像诸葛亮鞠躬尽瘁，率三军复汉室北定中原！
注释：出师一表：蜀汉后主建兴五年（227）三月，诸葛亮出兵伐魏前曾写了一篇《出师表》，表达了自己“奖率三军，北定中原”，“兴复汉室，还于旧都”的坚强决心。名世：名传后世。堪：能够。伯仲：原指兄弟间的次第。这里比喻人物不相上下，难分优劣高低。
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陆游《
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秋夜将晓出篱门迎凉有感二首》
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夏完淳《
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即事三首》
陆游简介
唐代·陆游的简介
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陆游（1125—1210），字务观，号放翁。汉族，越州山阴（今浙江绍兴）人，南宋著名诗人。少时受家庭爱国思想熏陶，高宗时应礼部试，为秦桧所黜。孝宗时赐进士出身。中年入蜀，投身军旅生活，官至宝章阁待制。晚年退居家乡。创作诗歌今存九千多首，内容极为丰富。著有《剑南诗稿》、《渭南文集》、《南唐书》、《老学庵笔记》等。