《蝜蝂传》翻译及注释
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唐代：柳宗元
蝜蝂者，善负小虫也。行遇物，辄持取，卬其首负之。背愈重，虽困剧不止也。其背甚涩，物积因不散，卒踬仆不能起。人或怜之，为去其负。苟能行，又持取如故。又好上高，极其力不已，至坠地死。
译文： 蝜蝂是一种善于背东西的小虫。它在爬行中遇到东西，就抓取过来，仰起头背着它们。背负的东西越来越重，即使非常疲乏劳累也不停止。它的背很粗糙，因而物体堆积不会散落，最终被压倒爬不起来。有时人们可怜它，替它除去背上的物体。可是如果它还能爬行，就像原先一样抓取物体。它又喜欢往高处爬，用尽了它的力气也不停止，直至跌落到地上摔死。
注释： 蝜蝂：《尔雅》中记载的一种黑色小虫，背隆起部分可负物。辄：立即，就。辄持取：就去抓取。卬：同“昂”，仰，抬头。困剧：非常困倦疲累。困，疲乏。剧，很，非常。涩：不光滑。因：因而。卒：最后，最终。踬仆：跌倒，这里是被东西压倒的意思。或：有人，有时。去：除去，拿掉。负：负担，指小虫身上背的东西。苟：只要，如果。故：原来。好：喜爱。上高：爬高。已：停止。
今世之嗜取者，遇货不避，以厚其室，不知为己累也，唯恐其不积。及其怠而踬也，黜弃之，迁徙之，亦以病矣。苟能起，又不艾。日思高其位，大其禄，而贪取滋甚，以近于危坠，观前之死亡，不知戒。虽其形魁然大者也，其名人也，而智则小虫也。亦足哀夫！
译文： 如今世上那些贪得无厌的人，见到钱财就不放过，用来增加他们的家产，不知道财货会成为自己的累赘，还只担心财富积聚得不够多。等到他们坏了事栽了跟头，有的被贬斥罢官，有的被流放到边远地区，这也够痛苦的了。一旦再被起用，他们仍不肯悔改，成天想着提高自己的官位，增加自己的俸禄，而且变本加厉地贪取钱财，因而面临着从高处摔下来的危险，看到前人由于极力求官贪财而自取灭亡也不知引以为戒。即使他们的外形看起来庞大，他们的名义是人，可是智慧却和蝜蝂小虫一样。这也太可悲了！
注释： 嗜取者：贪得无厌的人。嗜，贪，喜好。货：这里泛指财物。厚：动词，增加。室：家。怠：通“殆”，松懈。踬：跌倒，这里是垮台失败的意思。黜弃：罢官。迁徙：这里指贬斥放逐，流放。以：通“已”，已经。病：疲惫。不艾：不停止。艾，止息，停息，悔改。滋：更加。前之死亡：以前因贪财而死的人。戒：吸取教训。形：形体。魁然：壮伟的样子。名人：被命名为人，意义为被称作是人。
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左思《
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白发赋》
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苏轼《
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杜处士好书画》
柳宗元简介
唐代·柳宗元的简介
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柳宗元（773年－819年），字子厚，唐代河东（今山西运城）人，杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家，唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章，经后人辑为三十卷，名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人，人称柳河东，又因终于柳州刺史任上，又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物，并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上，其诗、文成就均极为杰出，可谓一时难分轩轾。