《荀巨伯探病友》翻译及注释
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南北朝：刘义庆
荀巨伯远看友人疾值胡贼攻郡，友人语巨伯曰：“吾今死矣，子可去。”巨伯曰：“远来相视，子令吾去，败义以求生，岂荀巨伯所行邪？”贼既至，谓巨伯曰：“大军至，一郡尽空，汝何男子，而敢独止？“巨伯曰：“友人有疾，不忍委之，宁以我身代友人命。”贼相谓曰：“我辈无义之人，而入有义之国。”遂班军而还，一郡并获全。
译文： 荀巨伯到远方看望生病的朋友，正好遇上胡人来攻城。朋友对荀巨伯说：“我如今是快死的人了，你赶快离开吧！”荀巨伯说：“我远道而来看望你，你却要我离开；败坏道义来求生，怎么是我的行为呢？”等到贼兵来了，问荀巨伯说：“大军一到，全城的人都逃走了，你是什么人，竟敢独自停留在这里？”荀巨伯回答说：“朋友有疾病，(我)不忍心抛下他，宁愿用我的性命来换取朋友的生命。”贼兵听后相互说道：“我们这些无义的人，却要攻入这个讲究道义的地方！”于是调动整个军队回去了，全城因而得以保留。
注释： 语：对…说。子：尊称，相当于“您”。去：离开。败义：毁坏道义。岂：难道。既：已经。一：整个。止：停留。委：丢下；舍弃。遂：于是。班军：调回军队，班：撤回。还：回去。并：都。
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刘向《
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文侯与虞人期猎》
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佚名《
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董行成》
刘义庆简介
唐代·刘义庆的简介
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刘义庆（403—444）汉族，彭城（今江苏徐州）人。字季伯，南北朝文学家。自幼才华出众，爱好文学，并广招四方文学之士，聚于门下。刘宋宗室，袭封临川王，公元444年（元嘉21年）死于建康（今南京）。除《世说新语》外，还著有志怪小说《幽明录》。