《守睢阳作》翻译及注释
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唐代：张巡
接战春来苦，孤城日渐危。
译文：与叛军的交战从春天一直持续到现在，战斗十分艰苦，四顾无援，睢阳已成为一作空城，日渐艰危。
注释：睢阳：唐郡名，在今河南省商丘县南。接战：指交战。
合围侔月晕，分守若鱼丽。
译文：叛军重重围困睢阳的态势，就像月亮周围的晕圈一样，围了一层又一层，守军则根据敌强我弱的形势布成像鱼丽那样的阵法，抵御敌人一次又一次的进攻。
注释：侔：等同。月晕：指月亮周围的晕圈。若：一作“效”。鱼丽：一作“鱼鳞”，是古代的一种阵法。
屡厌黄尘起，时将白羽挥。
译文：守城军民同仇敌忾，多次击退了敌人的进攻，指挥官站在城头亲冒矢石，不时地挥动旗帜指挥军民作战。
注释：厌：压住。黄尘：指叛军进攻时所扬起的尘土。
裹疮犹出阵，饮血更登陴。
译文：受伤的将士包扎好伤口，又重新回到了战场上，守城官兵浴血奋战，愈战愈勇。
注释：裹疮：指包扎伤口。饮血：指浴血奋战。陴：指城上有射孔的矮墙。
忠信应难敌，坚贞谅不移。
译文：将领忠心报国，又能取信于士兵，应该是不可战胜的，坚贞不屈与敌战斗到底的意志决不会改变。
注释：移：改变。
无人报天子，心计欲何施。
译文：我和将士们苦战守城，战况危急，却无人上报天子，虽有破敌的谋略，却无法得以实现。
注释：心计：指破敌的谋略。
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刘基《
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古戍》
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李嘉祐《
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自常州还江阴途中作》
张巡简介
唐代·张巡的简介
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张巡（708年—757年11月24日），字巡，蒲州河东（今山西永济）人。（《新唐书》本传载为邓州南阳）。唐代中期名臣。唐玄宗开元末年，张巡中进士，历任太子通事舍人、清河县令、真源县令。安史之乱时，起兵守雍丘，抵抗叛军。至德二载（757年），安庆绪派部将尹子琦率军十三万南侵江淮屏障睢阳，张巡与许远等数千人，在内无粮草、外无援兵的情况下死守睢阳，前后交战四百馀次，使叛军损失惨重，有效阻遏了叛军南犯之势，遮蔽了江淮地区，保障了唐朝东南的安全。终因粮草耗尽、士卒死伤殆尽而被俘遇害。后获赠扬州大都督、邓国公。唐宣宗大中二年（848年），张巡绘像凌烟阁。至明清时，得以从祀历代帝王庙。