《闻都城渴雨时苦摊税》翻译及注释
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明代：汤显祖
五风十雨亦为褒，薄夜焚香沾御袍。
译文：风调雨顺本是上苍的褒奖，可如今难得一见哪！每到夜晚，皇帝都要焚香祷告，祈求风凋雨顺，香烟阵阵沾染着龙袍。
注释：都城：京城，指北京。渴雨：干旱无雨。摊税：摊派税赋。五风十雨：五日一风，十日一雨，指风调雨顺。汉代阴阳家以为“五日一风，十日一雨”，是太平的征象。褒：赞美言词。薄夜：傍晚；夜初。薄：迫近。御袍：皇帝的龙袍。
当知雨亦愁抽税，笑语江南申渐高。
译文：皇上您也应当知道，雨不下来，是雨也害怕而今的捐税呀！当年的申渐高不就笑着这样给他的主子解释过这种现象吗？
注释：
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王安石《
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南乡子·自古帝王州》
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高克礼《
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雁儿落过得胜令·寻致争不致争》
汤显祖简介
唐代·汤显祖的简介
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汤显祖（1550—1616），中国明代戏曲家、文学家。字义仍，号海若、若士、清远道人。汉族，江西临川人。公元1583年（万历十一年）中进士，任太常寺博士、礼部主事，因弹劾申时行，降为徐闻典史，后调任浙江遂昌知县，又因不附权贵而免官，未再出仕。曾从罗汝芳读书，又受李贽思想的影响。在戏曲创作方面，反对拟古和拘泥于格律。作有传奇《牡丹亭》、《邯郸记》、《南柯记》、《紫钗记》，合称《玉茗堂四梦》，以《牡丹亭》最著名。在戏曲史上，和关汉卿、王实甫齐名，在中国乃至世界文学史上都有着重要的地位。