《绝句四首》翻译及注释
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唐代：杜甫
堂西长笋别开门，堑北行椒却背村。
译文：厅堂西边的竹笋长得茂盛，都挡住了门头，堑北种的行椒也郁郁葱葱长成一行却隔开了邻村。
注释：行椒：成行的椒树。
梅熟许同朱老吃，松高拟对阮生论。
译文：看到园中即将熟的梅子，便到待梅熟时邀朱老一同尝新；看到堂前的松树，便希望和阮生在松荫下尽情地谈古论今。
注释：朱老、阮生：杜甫在成都结识的朋友，喻指普普通通的邻里朋友；后世常用，“阮生朱老”或“朱老阮生”作为咏知交的典故。
欲作鱼梁云复湍，因惊四月雨声寒。
译文：原想筑个鱼梁忽然乌云盖住了急流，随后又惊讶四月的雨声如此凄寒。
注释：鱼梁：筑堰拦水捕鱼的一种设施，用木桩、柴枝或编网等制成篱笆或栅栏，置于河流中。但因为这里的水势险恶（“青溪先有蛟龙窟”），所以有“竹石如山不敢安”之说。
青溪先有蛟龙窟，竹石如山不敢安。
译文：也许这青溪里面早有蛟龙居住，筑堤用的竹石虽堆积如山也不敢再去冒险。
注释：青溪：碧绿的溪水。
两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天。
译文：黄鹂在新绿的柳条间叫着春天，成双作对好喜庆；白鹭排成行迎着春风飞上青天，队列整齐真优美。
注释：黄鹂：黄莺。白鹭：鹭鸶，羽毛纯白，能高飞。
窗含西岭千秋雪，门泊东吴万里船。
译文：那西岭的雪峰啊，像一幅美丽的画嵌在窗框里；这门前的航船啊，竟是从万里之外的东吴而来。
注释：窗含：是说由窗往外望西岭，好似嵌在窗框中，故日窗含。西岭：即成都西南的岷山，其雪常年不化，故云千秋雪。这是想象之词。东吴：指长江下游的江苏一带。成都水路通长江，故云长江万里船。
药条药甲润青青，色过棕亭入草亭。
译文：药草的枝叶长得郁郁青青，青青的颜色越过棕亭蔓入草亭。
注释：药条、药甲：指种植的药材。棕亭、草亭：言药圃之大。杜甫患多种疾病。故所到之处需种药以疗疾。
苗满空山惭取誉，根居隙地怯成形。
译文：“苗满空山”的美誉我愧不敢当，只怕它们根居干裂的土中成不了形。
注释：隙地：千裂的土地。成形：指药材之根所成的形状，如人参成人形，茯苓成禽兽形，等等。
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赵长卿《
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卜算子·十载仰高明》
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王昌龄《
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答武陵太守》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。