《次韵蔡瞻明秋园五绝句》翻译及注释
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宋代:洪适
芥毛金爪勇难干,肯作霜花对乍寒。
若说乘轩有痴鹤,司晨如此合峨冠。
翔仞当年览德辉,传芳花品未思归。
晚来雾鬓凭轩处,直恐金翘相对飞。
泽兰萱草比多言,谓汝分阴久夺鲜。
注释:泽兰:菊科泽兰属植物。“妇人和油泽头,故云泽兰。”最早之文献记载可以追溯到我国的礼记和楚辞。萱草:黄花菜学名萱草。
政恐淇园修竹劲,不如秦岭老松坚。
注释:政:指国政。淇园修竹:指卫武公辅佐周平王之事。此处借指仁政、德政。淇园,周代卫国的竹园。修竹,长竹,高竹。秦岭老松:《汉书·东方朔传》记载,南山即终南山,在今陕西省南部,是秦岭的主峰之一。在民间,对老者的祝福,常用“福如东海长流水,寿比南山不老松”之词句,愿老者福寿双全。东海就是指现在的东海与黄海。南山一词,则源于《诗经·小雅·天保》篇,“如月之恒,如日之升,南山之寿,不骞不崩”。比照“淇园修竹”,此“秦岭老松”似亦有所指。
高标幽艳自宜霜,弱草繁葩莫中伤。
肯与红莲媚三夏,要同黄菊向重阳。
临风裛露早秋天,范出南金色更鲜。
若向东篱比标格,定知花市不言钱。
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柳永《
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醉蓬莱·渐亭皋叶下》
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李白《
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登新平楼》
洪适简介
唐代·洪适的简介
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洪适(1117~1184)南宋金石学家、诗人、词人。初名造,字温伯,又字景温;入仕后改名适,字景伯;晚年自号盘洲老人,饶州鄱阳(今江西省波阳县)人,洪皓长子,累官至尚书右仆射、同中书门下平章事兼枢密使,封魏国公,卒谥文惠。洪适与弟弟洪遵、洪迈皆以文学负盛名,有“鄱阳英气钟三秀”之称。同时,他在金石学方面造诣颇深,与欧阳修、赵明诚并称为宋代金石三大家。