《双声子·晚天萧索》翻译及注释
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宋代：柳永
晚天萧索，断篷踪迹，乘兴兰棹东游。三吴风景，姑苏台榭，牢落暮霭初收。夫差旧国，香径没、徒有荒丘。繁华处，悄无睹，惟闻麋鹿呦呦。
译文：傍晚的江边，十分寂寞，我像折断了的蓬草，到处飘飞，如今兴致一来，又乘船向东游荡。夜雾初散，三吴地区的风景历历在目，苏州一带的亭台楼榭稀疏零落，远不及以前漂亮。这往昔属于夫差的国土，芳香馥郁的花径都湮没了，空自留下座座荒凉的小山岗。繁华的景象已经看不见，只听见麋鹿呦呦地叫嚷。
注释：双声子：词牌名，该格双片一百零三字。全词同韵，平韵，韵字可阴平、可阳平。凡五字句首字为领字。萧索：萧条落寞。断蓬：断根的蓬草，因风而四处飘飞，常以喻游子。兰棹：木兰树所制之桨，此以指船。三吴：江浙一带地名，具体何指有多种说法，一般认为是苏州、润州、湖州，此处指苏州。姑苏：山名，在苏州西南，上有吴王夫差所筑之姑苏台。牢落：荒凉冷落。夫差：春秋时吴国国君，公元前495—前473年在位，一度称霸，后为越王勾践所灭，自杀而死。夫差都苏州，故称苏州为夫差旧国。香径：飘满花香的园中小路，即指宫廷园圃，越曾向吴王夫差进献美女西施，“香径”亦暗示西施。呦呦：拟鹿鸣叫声。
想当年、空运筹决战，图王取霸无休。江山如画，云涛烟浪，翻输范蠡扁舟。验前经旧史，嗟漫哉、当日风流。斜阳暮草茫茫，尽成万古遗愁。
译文：怀想当年，夫差徒然运筹帷幄，不停指挥战斗，为的是称霸逞强。江山似图画那样美丽，天空云涛滚，江中水波茫茫，但威风凛凛的他，还不如坐着小船远游的范蠡。细细研读以前的图书、历史，当时的风云、成败只能使人嗟叹神伤。夕阳斜照着无边的野革。就像那永不消逝的愁情，一片怆廉。
注释：决战：指夫差二年，吴越会稽一战。图王取霸：谋求称霸一方。翻输：反而不如。范蠡：春秋时越国大夫，助越王句践灭吴，后泛舟隐于五湖。此句意为夫差曾不可一世，然结局反不如范蠡，虽漂流在野，无显赫的权势地位，却能保全性命。验：查验。此句意为查验前代经史，那些风流英雄下场往往可悲，如同夫差。
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王勃《
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早春野望》
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姜夔《
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一萼红·古城阴》
柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。