《胡旋女》翻译及注释
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唐代：白居易
胡旋女，胡旋女。心应弦，手应鼓。
译文：跳胡旋舞的舞女，心随着曲调的旋律，手随着鼓点舞动。
注释：胡旋女：跳胡旋舞的舞女。胡旋舞是由西域康居传来的民间舞。
弦鼓一声双袖举。回雪飘飖转蓬舞。
译文：鼓乐声中舞动双袖，象雪花空中飘摇，象蓬草迎风飞舞，连飞奔的车轮都觉得比她缓慢，连急速的旋风也逊色了。
注释：回雪飘飖转蓬舞：形容表演者在急速的旋转，像流风中飘飖的廻雪和旋转着的蓬草。回雪，同“廻雪”；飘飖，风吹飘荡之状；转蓬，随风飘转的蓬草。
左旋右转不知疲，千匝万周无已时。
译文：左旋右转不知疲倦，千圈万周还在转个不停。
人间物类无可比，奔车轮缓旋风迟。
译文：世上万物都无可比拟，她的旋转比飞转的车轮和疾风还要快。
曲终再拜谢天子，天子为之微启齿。
译文：一曲终了拜谢天子，天子开口褒奖。
胡旋女，出康居，徒劳东来万里余。
译文：胡旋女出自西域的康居国，千辛万苦从千万里外来到中原。
注释：康居：古西域国名。自锡尔河下游，至吉尔吉斯平原，是康居疆域的中心地带。
中原自有胡旋者，斗妙争能尔不如。
译文：从此中原有了胡旋舞，中原舞者争奇斗艳甚至超过胡旋女。
天宝季年时欲变，臣妾人人学圜转。
译文：天宝末年纲纪败坏大臣和女子都学这种飞快旋转的胡旋舞。
注释：天宝季年时欲变：天宝末年社会风气产生巨大变化。“天宝”，唐玄宗年号，从天宝元年（742）到天宝十四年（755）。“时欲变”，指天宝末年纲纪败坏。圜转：旋转。
中有太真外禄山，二人最道能胡旋。
译文：其中宫中的杨贵妃和外镇安禄山，两人的胡旋舞跳得最出色。
注释：太真：贵妃杨玉环号。禄山：安禄山（703年－757年），本姓康，名轧荦山，营州柳城（今辽宁朝阳）。
梨花园中册作妃，金鸡障下养为儿。
译文：杨贵妃因善歌舞受宠，在宫中乐部梨园内册封为贵妃。安禄山则在宫中画金鸡为饰的坐障前被杨贵妃收为义子。
注释：金鸡障：画金鸡为饰的坐障。
禄山胡旋迷君眼，兵过黄河疑未反。
译文：安禄山用胡旋舞迷惑了玄宗的眼睛，让他分不清是非。以至叛军度过了黄河他还不信安禄山已反叛。
注释：兵过黄河疑未反：天宝十四年（755年）安禄山在幽州（今北京市）发动叛乱，好大军已渡过黄河，消息传来，唐玄宗仍不相信，还认为是诬陷安禄山。
贵妃胡旋惑君心，死弃马嵬念更深。
译文：杨玉环随李隆基流亡蜀中，途经马嵬驿，禁军哗变，玄宗无奈，只得下令38岁的杨贵妃自缢。玄宗迫于无奈赐死杨贵妃后对她思念更深。
注释：死弃马嵬念更深：天宝十五载（756）六月十四日，杨玉环随李隆基流亡蜀中，途经马嵬驿，禁军哗变，玄宗无奈，只得下令38岁的杨贵妃自缢。“念更深”，玄宗迫于无奈赐死杨贵妃后对她思念更深。
从兹地轴天维转，五十年来制不禁。
译文：从这以后国家发生天翻地覆变化，五十年来胡旋舞却一直延续下去。
注释：地轴天维转：指安史之乱给国家社会带来巨大灾难。五十年来制不禁：指胡旋舞从康居国传入中原后一直很流行。从玄宗天宝年间到白居易写此诗的宪宗元和年间（806—819）约五十多年。
胡旋女，莫空舞，数唱此歌悟明主。
译文：胡旋女，请不要一味地跳胡旋舞，把我这首歌唱给贤明的君主听让他领悟。
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佚名《
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摊破浣溪沙·五里滩头风欲平》
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白朴《
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驻马听·吹》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。