《谪岭南道中作》翻译及注释
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唐代：李德裕
岭水争分路转迷，桄榔椰叶暗蛮溪。
译文：岭南道中溪流纵横交错，地势迂回曲折，置身其间，茫然不知身在何处。沿途随处可见高大的乔木，绿树丛阴下，溪流显得格外幽深。
注释：岭水争：指五岭一带山势高峻，水流湍急，支流岔路很多。桄榔：一种常绿乔木，叶为羽状复叶。蛮溪：泛指岭南的溪流。
愁冲毒雾逢蛇草，畏落沙虫避燕泥。
译文：我在旅途中提心吊胆，担心遇上毒雾，碰着蛇草；为了躲避沙虫，看见燕子衔泥也会急忙让开。
注释：毒雾：古人常称南方有毒雾，人中了毒气会死去，大概是瘴气。沙虫：古人传说南方有一种叫沙虱的虫，色赤，进入人的皮肤能使人中毒死亡。
五月畲田收火米，三更津吏报潮鸡。
译文：这里的风俗很特别，五月即收稻米，三更公鸡就打鸣，每当涨潮，它还会按时啼叫，这时津吏就会通知乡民潮汛要来了。
注释：畲田：用火烧掉田地里的草木，然后耕田种植。火米：指赤谷米。津吏：管理摆渡的人。
不堪肠断思乡处，红槿花中越鸟啼。
译文：这一切让人一时难以适应，看着那鲜艳欲滴的红槿花，听着那树上越鸟的鸣叫，想到想起家乡，这谪居岁月何时是个尽头，想起这些真是肝肠寸断。
注释：红槿：落叶小灌木，花有红、白、紫等颜色。
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陈孚《
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咏永州》
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元稹《
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闻乐天授江州司马》
李德裕简介
唐代·李德裕的简介
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李德裕（787—849），字文饶，唐代赵郡赞皇（今河北赞皇县）人，与其父李吉甫均为晚唐名相。唐文宗时，受李宗闵、牛僧儒等牛党势力倾轧，由翰林学士出为浙西观察使。太和七年，入相，复遭奸臣郑注、李训等人排斥，左迁。唐武宗即位后，李德裕再度入相，执政期间外平回鹘、内定昭义、裁汰冗官、协助武宗灭佛，功绩显赫。会昌四年八月，进封太尉、赵国公。唐武宗与李德裕之间的君臣相知成为晚唐之绝唱。后唐宣宗即位，李德裕由于位高权重，五贬为崖州司户。李德裕两度为相，太和年间为相1年8个月，会昌年间为相5年7个月，两次为相7年3个月。