《墨池记》翻译及注释
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宋代：曾巩
临川之城东，有地隐然而高，以临于溪，曰新城。新城之上，有池洼然而方以长，曰王羲之之墨池者，荀伯子《临川记》云也。羲之尝慕张芝，临池学书，池水尽黑，此为其故迹，岂信然邪？
译文： 临川郡城的东面，有一块地微微高起，并且靠近溪流，叫做新城。新城上面，有个池子低洼呈长方形，说是王羲之的墨池，这是荀伯子《临川记》里说的。
注释： 临川：临川：宋朝的抚州临川郡(今江西省临川市)。隐然而高：微微地高起。隐然：不显露的样子。临：从高处往低处看，这里有“靠近”的意思。洼然：低深的样子。方以长：方而长，就是长方形。王羲之：字逸少，东晋人，官至右军将军，会稽内史，世称王右军。他是古代有名的大书法家，世称“书圣”。苟伯子：南朝宋人，曾任临川内史。张芝：东汉末年书法家，善草书，世称“草圣”。信然：果真如此。邪：吗，同“耶”。方：当……时。
方羲之之不可强以仕，而尝极东方，出沧海，以娱其意于山水之间；岂其徜徉肆恣，而又尝自休于此邪？羲之之书晚乃善，则其所能，盖亦以精力自致者，非天成也。然后世未有能及者，岂其学不如彼邪？则学固岂可以少哉，况欲深造道德者邪？
译文： 羲之曾经仰慕张芝“临池学书，池水尽黑”的精神，(现在说)这是羲之的(墨池)遗址，难道是真的吗？当羲之不愿勉强做官时，曾经游遍东方，出游东海，在山水之间使他的心情快乐。莫非他在尽情游览时，曾在这里停留过？羲之的书法，到晚年才特别好。那么他能达到这步，大概也是靠他自己的精神和毅力取得的，并不是天生的。但是后代没有能够赶上他的人，是不是后人学习下的功夫不如他呢？那么学习的功夫难道可以少下吗？何况想在道德修养上深造的人呢？
注释： 强以仕：勉强要(他)作官。极东方：游遍东方。极，穷尽。出沧海：出游东海。沧海，指东海。娱其意：使他的心情快乐。岂有：莫非。徜徉肆恣：尽情游览。徜徉，徘徊，漫游。肆恣，任意，尽情。休：停留。书：书法。晚乃善：到晚年才特别好。所能：能够达到这步。盖：大概，副词。以精力自致者：靠自己的精神和毅力取得的。致，取得。天成：天然生成。及：赶上。岂其学不如彼邪：是不是他们学习下的功夫不如王羲之呢？岂，是不是，表示揣测，副词。学，指勤学苦练。则学固岂可以少哉：那么学习的功夫难道可以少下吗？则，那么，连词。固，原来，本。岂，难道，表示反问，副词。深造道德：在道德修养上深造，指在道德修养上有很高的成就。
墨池之上，今为州学舍。教授王君盛恐其不章也，书‘晋王右军墨池’之六字于楹间以揭之。又告于巩曰：“愿有记”。推王君之心，岂爱人之善，虽一能不以废，而因以及乎其迹邪？其亦欲推其事以勉其学者邪？夫人之有一能而使后人尚之如此，况仁人庄士之遗风余思被于来世者何如哉！
译文： 墨池的旁边，现在是抚州州学的校舍，教授王盛先生担心墨池不能出名，写了“晋王右军墨池”六个字挂在屋前两柱之间，又请求我说：“希望有一篇(墨池)记。”推测王先生的用心，是不是喜爱别人的优点，即使是一技之长也不让它埋没，因而推广到王羲之的遗迹呢？莫非也想推广王羲之的事迹来勉励那些学员吧？一个人有一技之长，就能使后人像这样尊重他；何况那些品德高尚、行为端庄的人，遗留下来令人思慕的美好风范，对于后世的影响那就更不用说了！
注释： 州学舍：指抚州州学的校舍。教授：官名。宋朝在路学、府学、州学都置教授，主管学政和教育所属生员。其：指代墨池。章：通“彰”，显著。楹间：指两柱子之间的上方一般挂匾额的地方。楹，房屋前面的柱子。揭：挂起，标出。推：推测。一能：一技之长，指王羲之的书法。不以废：不让它埋没。因以及乎其迹：因此推广到王羲之的遗迹。推：推广。学者：求学的人。夫：语气词，放在句首，表示将发议论。尚之如此：像这样尊重他。尚，尊重，崇尚。仁人庄士：指品德高尚、行为端庄的人。遗风余思：遗留下来令人思慕的美好风范。余思，指后人的怀念。余，也是“遗”的意思。被于来世：对于后世的影响。被，影响。何如哉：会怎么样呢？这里是“那就更不用说了”的意思。
庆历八年九月十二日，曾巩记。
译文： 庆历八年九月十二日，曾巩作记。
注释：
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沈德潜《
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游虞山记》
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宋玉《
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高唐赋》
曾巩简介
唐代·曾巩的简介
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曾巩（1019年9月30日－1083年4月30日，天禧三年八月二十五日－元丰六年四月十一日），字子固，世称“南丰先生”。汉族，建昌南丰（今属江西）人，后居临川（今江西抚州市西）。曾致尧之孙，曾易占之子。嘉祐二年（1057）进士。北宋政治家、散文家，“唐宋八大家”之一，为“南丰七曾”（曾巩、曾肇、曾布、曾纡、曾纮、曾协、曾敦）之一。在学术思想和文学事业上贡献卓越。