《过云木冰记》翻译及注释
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清代：黄宗羲
岁在壬午，余与晦木泽望入四明，自雪窦返至过云。雰霭淟浊，蒸满山谷，云乱不飞，瀑危弗落，遐路窈然。夜行撤烛，雾露沾衣，岚寒折骨，相视褫气。呼嗟咽续，忽尔冥霁地表。云敛天末，万物改观，浩然目夺。小草珠圆，长条玉洁，珑松插于幽篁，缨络缠于萝阙。琮俯仰，金奏石搏。虽一叶一茎之微，亦莫不冰缠而雾结。余愕眙而叹曰：“此非所谓木冰乎？春秋书之，五行志之，奈何当吾地而有此异也？”言未卒，有居僧笑于傍曰：“是奚足异？山中苦寒，才入冬月，风起云落，即冻飘山，以故霜雪常积也。”
盖其地当万山之中，嚣尘沸响，扃人间。屯烟佛照，无殊阴火之潜，故为葕阳之所不入。去平原一万八千丈，刚风疾轮，侵铄心骨。南箕哆口，飞廉弭节；土囊大隧，所在而是。故为勃郁烦冤之所不散，溪回壑转，蛟螭蠖蛰，山鬼窈窕，腥风之冲动，震瀑之敲嗑。天呵地吼，阴崖冱穴，聚雹堆冰，故为玄冥之所长驾；群峰灌顶，北斗堕脅，藜蓬臭蔚，虽焦原竭泽，巫吁魃舞。常如夜行秋爽，故为曜灵之所割匿。且其怪松入枫，礜石罔草，碎碑埋甎，枯胔碧骨，皆足以兴吐云雨。而仙宫神治，山岳炳灵，高僧悬记，冶鸟木客，窅崒幽深。其气皆敛而不扬，故恒寒而无燠。
注释： 过云：浙江四明山内的一个地段。木冰：一种自然现象，雨着木即凝结成冰。又称“木介”。壬午：指年（明崇祯十五年）。晦木：黄宗羲的弟弟，名宗炎，世称立溪先生。泽望：亦作者弟弟，名宗曾，号缩斋，人称石田先生。四明：山名，在浙江省宁波市西南，属天台山支脉。雪窦：山名，在浙江省奉化县西，为四明山分支。雰：雾气。淟浊：混浊，污垢。窈然：深远貌。岚：山林的雾气。禠：剥，夺。冥：晦暗。霁：本指雨止，这里指云雾散。珑松：同“珑璁”，即玉簪。篁：竹林，竹丛。缨络：串珠玉而成的装饰物，多用为颈饰。阙：通“缺”，空隙处。琤琮：玉石碰击声。俯仰：高低。金：金属乐器，如钟、钹。石：石制的乐器，如磬。愕眙：惊视。眙，直视貌。五行：指刘向《五行传》。其书曰：“木先寒，故得雨而冰也。”苦：极。[冫各]（luò）：冰冻。
余乃喟然曰：“嗟乎！同一寒暑，有不听命于造化之地；同一过忒，有无关于吉凶之占。居其间者，亦岂无凌峰掘药，高言畸行，无与于人世治乱之数者乎？”余方龃龉世度，将欲过而问之。
注释： 嚣尘：喧闹多尘埃。扃：关锁，引申为隔绝。佛照：寺庙的灯火。阴火：磷火，野地夜间常见的青色火焰，俗称鬼火，实际是磷的氧化现象。愆阳：阳气过盛，多指天旱或酷热。愆，超过。刚风：强大的风。南箕：星宿名，古人认为南箕主风。哆：张口貌。飞廉：风神。弭节：驻车。弭，止。节，策，马鞭。土囊：土穴。隧：洞。勃郁：蕴积，壅塞。烦冤：风回旋貌。宋玉《风赋》：“勃郁烦冤，冲孔袭门。”蛟：传说的动物，龙类，能发洪水。螭：传说的动物，龙类。蠖蛰：像蠖一样伏藏。蠖，一种昆虫。窈窕：深远貌。嗑：碰，敲击。沍：闭塞。玄冥：水神。《礼记·月令》孟冬之月：“其神玄冥。”驾：骑，乘。臭蔚：气味浓郁。魃：神话中的旱神。曜灵：太阳。割匿：割舍和躲藏。人枫：即“枫人”，枫树上生成的人形瘿瘤。晋嵇含《南方草木状》曾有记载。礜石：《山海经》中记载的有毒的矿石。罔草：纠结的丛草。胔：肉腐烂。炳灵：显赫的魂灵。悬记：高处的题记。冶鸟：晋干宝《搜神记》中所载的鸟名。木客：山中的精怪。窅：深远。崒：通“萃”，聚集。燠：暖。
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袁宏道《
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虎丘记》
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江淹《
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别赋》
黄宗羲简介
唐代·黄宗羲的简介
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黄宗羲（1610年9月24日—1695年8月12日）明末清初经学家、史学家、思想家、地理学家、天文历算学家、教育家，东林七君子黄尊素长子，汉族，浙江绍兴府余姚县人。字太冲，一字德冰，号南雷，别号梨洲老人、梨洲山人、蓝水渔人、鱼澄洞主、双瀑院长、古藏室史臣等，学者称梨洲先生。黄宗羲学问极博，思想深邃，著作宏富，与顾炎武、王夫之并称明末清初三大思想家（或清初三大儒）；与弟黄宗炎、黄宗会号称浙东三黄；与顾炎武、方以智、王夫之、朱舜水并称为“明末清初五大家”，亦有“中国思想启蒙之父”之誉。