《弈喻》翻译及注释
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清代：钱大昕
予观弈于友人所，一客数败，嗤其失算，辄欲易置之，以为不逮己也。顷之，客请与予对局，予颇易之。甫下数子，客已得先手。局将半，予思益苦，而客之智尚有余。竟局数之，客胜予十三子，予赧甚，不能出一言。后有招予观弈者，终日默坐而已。
译文： 我在朋友家里看下棋。一位客人屡次输掉，我讥笑他计算失误，总是想代替他下棋，认为他不及自己。过一会儿，客人请求和我下棋，我颇为轻视他。刚刚下了几个棋子，客人已经取得主动形势。棋局快到中盘的时候，我思考得更加艰苦，但是客人却轻松有余。终局计算双方棋子，客人赢我十三子。我很惭愧，不能够说出一句话。以后有人邀请我观看下棋，我只默默地坐着看。
注释： 弈：下棋。所：处所，住的地方。数：屡次。嗤其失算：讥笑他谋划不当。嗤:讥笑。辄欲易置之：就想替换他去下棋，意思是替人下。易，变易取代。逮：及，赶上。顷之：过一会儿。对局：下棋。局，棋盘。下棋一次叫一局。易之：（轻视它）认为它很容易。甫：刚刚。先手：下棋时主动形势。益苦：更加艰苦。意思是难于想出招数。竟局数之：终盘计算棋子（以定胜负情况）。竟，完了。赧甚：很惭愧。赧，羞愧脸红。
今之学者，读古人书，多訾古人之失；与今人居，亦乐称人失。人固不能无失，然试易地以处，平心而度之，吾果无一失乎？吾能知人之失而不能见吾之失，吾能指人之小失而不能见吾之大失。吾求吾失且不暇，何暇论人哉！
译文： 现在的读书人读古人的书，常常诋毁古人的错误；和现在的人相处，也喜欢说别人的错误。人本来就不能够没有错误，但是试试彼此交换位置来相处，客观地衡量一下，自己真的没有一点失误吗？自己能够知道别人的过失却不能看到自己的过失。自己能够指出别人的小失误但是不能看到自己的大失误，自己检查自己的失误尚且没有闲暇，哪里有时间议论别人呢！
注释： 学者：求学的人。訾：诋毁。居：相处。固：本来。易地：彼此交换地位。平心而度：心平气和的、冷静的推测，估计。果：真。不暇：没时间，忙不过来。
弈之优劣有定也，一着之失，人皆见之，虽护前者不能讳也。理之所在，各是其所是，各非其所非，世无孔子，谁能定是非之真？然则人之失者未必非得也，吾之无失者未必非大失也，而彼此相嗤无有已时，曾观弈者之不若已！。
译文： 棋艺的高低，是有标准的，下错了一步棋，人们都看得见，即使想回护以前的错误也是隐瞒不了的。事理方面的问题，人人都赞成自己认为正确的，人人反对自己认为不正确的。现在世间没有孔子那样圣人，谁能断定真正的正确与错误？那么别人的失误未必不是有所得，自己没有失误未必不是大失误，但是人们彼此互相讥笑，没有停止的时候，简直连看棋的人都不如了！
注释： 优劣：（棋艺）高低。定：定准，公认的准则。一着：走一步棋。护前：回护以前的错误，泛指护短。各是其所是，各非其所非：赞成自以为正确的，反对自以为不正确的。无孔子：意思是没有大智的圣人。是非之真：真正的是非。失：意思是表面看来是错误。得：意思是道理正确。无有已时：没完没了。曾观弈者之不若已：简直连看棋的人都赶不上了。曾，乃，竟。不若，不如。已，同“矣”。
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范成大《
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鹧鸪天·席上作》
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岑参《
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送李副使赴碛西官军》
钱大昕简介
唐代·钱大昕的简介
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钱大昕（1728年2月16日—1804年11月2日），字晓征，又字及之，号辛楣，晚年自署竹汀居士，汉族，江苏嘉定人（今属上海），清代史学家、汉学家。钱大昕是18世纪中国最为渊博和专精的学术大师，他在生前就已是饮誉海内的著名学者，王昶、段玉裁、王引之、凌廷堪、阮元、江藩等著名学者都给予他极高的评价，公推钱大昕为“一代儒宗”。