《岐阳三首》翻译及注释
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金朝：元好问
突骑连营鸟不飞，北风浩浩发阴机。
译文：凶猛的敌骑营寨相连，天上的禽鸟也难偷飞；呼号的北风席卷大地，迷茫的天空大雪霏霏。
三秦形胜无今古，千里传闻果是非；
译文：号称形胜的三秦啊，山河的险要古今未改；千里传来的噩讯啊，怎知道究竟是真是非！
注释：三秦：项羽灭秦，分关内地为三，封秦降将章邯为雍王、董翳为翟王、司马欣为塞王，号三秦。
偃蹇鲸鲵人海涸，分明蛇犬铁山围。
译文：庞大的鲸鲵是那么凶暴——似海的人群尽被吞食；毒蛇和恶狗是那么猖獗——分明像铁山把孤城紧围。
注释：偃蹇：傲慢，高盛。鲸鲵：大鱼。此处比喻蒙古军之暴。
穷途老阮无奇策，空望岐阳泪满衣。
译文：就像是走到穷途的阮籍啊，我面对国难苦无良策——徒然怅望着失陷的岐阳，纷飞的悲泪溅满了裳衣！
注释：“穷途”两句：阮籍行车“不由径路，车迹所穷，辄痛哭而返”。此处是作者借此典自况。
百二关河草不横，十年戎马暗秦京。
译文：号称“百二关河”的三秦啊，如今已不见杂草纵横；十年的战火燃烧在这里，烽烟遮暗了旧时的秦京。
注释：百二关河：秦地险固，二万人足当诸侯百万人。
岐阳西望无来信，陇水东流闻哭声；
译文：西望着岐阳啊，全没有半点同胞的音信；东流的陇水啊，只听到一片惨痛的哭声！
野蔓有情萦战骨，残阳何意照空城！
译文：荒野里，缠绵的蔓草情深意厚，在悄悄萦绕着战士的尸骨；蓝天下，惨淡的残阳究竟为啥，却偏偏照射着死寂的空城？
从谁细向苍苍问，争遣蚩尤作五兵？
译文：我能够从什么地方啊，向苍天细细地责问——为何让凶残的蚩尤啊，制造这杀人的刀兵？
注释：苍苍：天。
眈眈九虎护秦关，懦楚孱齐机上看。
译文：遥想当年，九虎猛将们目光炯炯，凛然守卫在巍巍秦关——孱懦的齐楚何曾在眼，直看它好似肥肉在砧！
注释：“眈眈”句：公元1218年（金宣宗兴定二年），置秦关等处九个守御史。
禹贡土田推陆海，汉家封徼尽天山。
译文：《禹贡》记述的土田啊，要推那“陆海”最是肥沃；汉朝当年的边界啊，蜿蜒着伸过遥远的天山。
注释：禹贡：《尚书》中的一篇，记叙了我国上古的疆域。陆海：指地势高平、物产丰饶的地区，古代以陕西为“天下陆海之地”。徼：边境，边界。
北风猎猎悲笳发，渭水潇潇战骨寒。
译文：慨叹今日，猎猎的北风呼啸不已，悲壮的胡笳随风远传；潇潇的渭水呜咽难抚，河边的战士尸骨正寒。
注释：猎猎：风声。
三十六峰长剑在，倚天仙掌惜空闲。
译文：空自有华山的三十六峰啊，仍然像长剑屹立——只可惜倚天的雄奇仙掌啊，只落得徒自空闲！
注释：仙掌：华山有仙掌峰。
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苏轼《
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南乡子·和杨元素时移守密州》
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张籍《
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采莲曲·秋江岸边莲子多》
元好问简介
唐代·元好问的简介
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元好问，字裕之，号遗山，太原秀容（今山西忻州）人；系出北魏鲜卑族拓跋氏，元好问过继叔父元格；七岁能诗，十四岁从学郝天挺，六载而业成；兴定五年（1221）进士，不就选；正大元年（1224 ），中博学宏词科，授儒林郎，充国史院编修，历镇平、南阳、内乡县令。八年（1231）秋，受诏入都，除尚书省掾、左司都事，转员外郎；金亡不仕，元宪宗七年卒于获鹿寓舍；工诗文，在金元之际颇负重望；诗词风格沉郁，并多伤时感事之作。其《论诗》绝句三十首在中国文学批评史上颇有地位；作有《遗山集》又名《遗山先生文集》，编有《中州集》。